This study aims to analyze the condition of the coral reef ecosystem including the substrate, genus composition, and the level of coral mortality in the waters of the Malacca Strait, Masjid Raya District, Aceh Besar District. The research was conducted from October 2016 to October 2019 in the waters of the Malacca Strait, Masjid Raya District, Aceh Besar District. The research site is divided into three stations consisting of Lhok Mee Station, Ahmad Rhang Manyang and Benteng Inong Balee Station. Data were collected using the Point Intercept Transect method. The results showed that the condition of coral reefs at Lhok Mee Station was in the damaged category with coral cover ranging from 6.56% - 13.44%. Ahmad Rhang Manyang Station is included in the moderate to good category with coral cover ranging from 38.75% - 67.19%. Meanwhile, Benteng Inong Balee Station is included in the medium category with coral cover ranging from 45.94% - 56.88%. The monitoring results found that 30 coral genera with the highest composition of the coral genera came from the Porites genus, while other coral genera were unevenly distributed. The value of the mortality index for Lhok Mee Station shows a high increase in mortality of live coral to dead coral. Meanwhile, Ahmad Rhang Manyang and Benteng Inong Balee stations have low coral mortality index values.

Sampah laut telah menjadi masalah dan ancaman bagi ekosistem, keanekaragaman hayati maupun kehidupan laut. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan kebijakan, strategi mitigasi dan rencana aksi yang tepat untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan gambaran tentang jumlah, komposisi dan sumber sampah laut yang nantinya dapat dijadikan referensi untuk mengatasi masalah sampah laut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Pantai Kuala Batu, Desa Pulau Kayu Kabupaten Aceh Barat Daya. Metode pengumpulan sampel ditetapkan berdasarkan protokol penelitian oleh NOAA Marine Debris Shoreline Survey Field Guide (2012). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jumlah sampah laut yang terkumpul selama penelitian adalah 232 item/1.200 m2 dan densitasnya 0.193 item/m 2. Sampah plastik merupakan jenis sampah laut dengan jumlah tertinggi yaitu 79% dan sumber sampah laut tertinggi di pantai ini berasal dari daratan (land-based sourced) melalui kegiatan rekreasi dan aktivitas pantai yaitu 79%.

Marine debris has become an important pollution issue in recent years. Its existence has impacted to marine environment, harmed marine life, and also effected human health and lives. Marine debris study in western and southern Aceh is necessary to compare debris sources, amounts, and locations. The research outputs can provide input to the government to adopt more comprehensive policies and provide important information to targets protection in the coastal areas. Eight sites (two sites for each regency: at shoreline area and estuary stream mouth area) were selected from four regencies located in western and southern Aceh namely the regency of Aceh Jaya, west Aceh, southwestern Aceh, south Aceh. Marine debris was grouped by seven categories namely: plastic, glass, metal, rubber, cloth/fabric, processed lumber, and other/unclassifiable. The results indicated that marine debris was dominated by plastic (86.6%). The highest of debris density (0.145 items/m2) were found in southwestern Aceh and South Aceh Regency. Shoreline and recreational activities have known as the largest source of marine debris (74.8 %), followed by medical/personal hygiene activities (10.8%) dumping activities (85 items, 9.2%), smoking or related activities (4.1%) and activities related to ocean/waterway (1.1%).

The role of coastal communities in the preservation of coral reefs is an important thing to supporting the sustainable management of coastal areas. This article is objected to determine the coastal communities’ role in the management of coral reefs in water conservation areas and the level of knowledge of the coastal communities about the importance of protecting coastal ecosystems. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires, direct interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGD) and the results were elaborated based on descriptive analysis. The results showed that the community had begun to realize how important it is to protect coral reefs for the sustainability of fisheries and other benefits of coral reefs. Healthy reefs provide many benefits to people including improving the economy of the community and increasing tourists. Community awareness is shown by their participation in activities that lead to the conservation and management of coral reefs such as transplantation of coral reefs, beach cleaning, banner making, tree planting and provision of trash bins along the coast. Those who knew the benefits and functions of coral reefs both for increasing fish populations, increasing tourists and improving the economy of the community, as well as other benefits of coral reefs for the coastal areas, was 74.5%. The role of community in the aspects of coastal and marine ecosystems management was high, as many as 72% of the community participate in every coastal and marine ecosystem management activity carried out by the government and local NGOs.

This study aims to evaluate the sustainable status of oil palm plantation management and determine the most dominant attributes to sustainability in Trumon, South Aceh Regency. Data analysis using Multi Dimensional Scalling method and sensitivity analysis. The results of the analysis of the sustainability status of oil palm plantations, index values of each dimension with dimensions of 64,04, technology dimensions 53,26, economic dimensions 48,83, demonstration dimensions 45,54, and the lowest index values according to the social dimension 35,92. There are nine main attributes or key factors related to the sustainability of the management of oil palm plasma nucleus plantations, namely: 1) residents working in the plantation sector, 2) time and method of providing fertilizer to harvest, 3) FFB prices at farm level, 4) accessibility of farmer groups to banks, 5) land management administration, 6) Village communication accessibility, 7) farmer groups, 8) use of land and air conservation technology, 9) Management of crop disturbing crops (OPT). Index of multi-dimensional sustainability of oil palm plantation management nucleus-plasma pattern is 49,10 means that the sustainability status is still lacking. This has an impact on reducing involvement in agribusiness activities, lack of farmers' participation in farmer groups and KUD, because the role of this institution to access capital to banks does not support formal education, so that communication between farmers and institutions is inadequate.