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PurposeSuccession timing plays a key role in the part of the succession process. While much notice has been given solely to the viewpoint of predecessor and successor, less known about the schedule during this most critical family business dealings. The purpose of this research is to assess the right time for predecessors to let go of their leadership and allow the successor to take charge of the family business. Notably, it considers how the process of interaction between predecessor and successor may encourage successor capability, succeed the family business and following implications for the succession process as well.Design/methodology/approachAn exploratory comparative case study design employed in order to disclose the time by time activities around the succession process. This study presented circa 11 case studies from family businesses of the food industry. Data gathered utilizing semi-structured interviews and formal secondary data from the organizations, all of whom operate in Java, Indonesia.FindingsFindings reveal five critical outcomes. First, the results show that most of the respondents had no written succession plan and did not keep up the developmental stages, but the succession process was successful. Second, the study found a reduced age of successor even though the stages increase. Third, the respondents did not know when was the predecessor is getting busy managing the business, and some successors did not attend college as well. Fourth, the succession process of RC is the fastest and TY is the longest. Last, the succession process of the second-generation family business is faster than the third-generation.Originality/valueThis paper presents further evidence of the succession process of family businesses. It moves beyond a timing explanation of succession to develop a more sequentially aware understanding of the agility within the succession process. It contributes to the limited references of the family business in the food industry in Indonesia as well.

The sustainability issue has pushed the food industry, continually looking for new materials to reduce and replace plastics in their packaging. However, the recent development of novel materials is still less satisfactory due to different involvement from different vital players such as government, society, and industry. This paper analyzed the critical success factors of new material development for food packaging based on different key players, involvements, and interests. A survey was conducted by the authors to gather information related to the development factors and the participation factors based on the three key players. This research employed descriptive quantitative design. This design allows research to collect and describe the found clusters and factors. The results revealed that the critical success factors are classified into five clusters, namely technical substitution, technical drivers/barriers, application barriers, cost barriers, and raw material supply barriers. Differently from developed countries, the critical vital players' participation, especially from the government, was essential in developing new material for food packages.

Despite the consequence of business succession in the family business, neglection of the study with regards to its crucial success factors is often. The critical success factors in succession with regards to the family business in Indonesia was explored to provide lessons that ease the succession process to be more valuable. This study employed a qualitative study approach with a structured interview to three family businesses involved in the food industry in Bogor, Indonesia. The results of this study clustered critical success of business succession into three factors, namely organization, successor, and predecessor. Each key success factor of business succession was associated with different attributes. The attributes of the organization were existence, development, family unity, and sustainability. The characteristics of the successor were the commitment, leadership, communication skills, and persistence manner as well. The attributes of the predecessor were the commitment, mentoring, persistence, and communication skill. This study found that the essential qualities of critical success factors were the commitment, leadership and mentoring process This study conduct an in-depth review to explore the technology relation based on the results found.

The high-volume rise of digital technology is restructuring every side of the business and profoundly impacting how the business works. The concept of management and leadership are vividly changing. However, no business can avert the implications, challenges, and opportunities that originated from the digital revolution. It pushes companies to transform their setup. Against this background, many businesses are not ready to transform. The family business is not an exception. It is expected to adopt digitalization as a keenly prevalent business practice worldwide. Furthermore, its involvement in the digital economy is still essential. However, studies on digital adoption in the family business remain limited. At the same time, family businesses have unique characteristics that make them different from other forms of business in general. It is perceived that the two issues are opposing. The family business is commonly viewed with slow evolutions. On the other hand, digitalization is characterized as a rapid action. This research is a theoretical review that aims to fill the gap by exploring the state-of-the-art digital adoption literature. In addition, it develops areas for future research primarily related to family business topics. This article carried out a systematic literature review. It employed a Prisma approach on a Scopus database with all the articles written in English. The results showed that most digital adoption literature mainly focuses on two contexts: (1) general business and (2) academic institutions. Moreover, it provides geographical trends in this domain, the most cited authors, and the top journal on this topic. This study further found that very few discuss digital adoption even in the literature on the family business. Thus, many family business areas can be explored. To this end, this study provides propositions associating digital adoption with the family business areas. At the same time, it further provides several future research agendas.