The relevance of the study is stipulated by the need to increase the in-vestment attractiveness of the real sector of the economy in the context of global changes associated with the new industrial revolution "Industry 4.0". In this regard, the article is aimed at identifying indicators that determine the innovative potential of industrial complex enterprises, identifying factors and criteria for the effective development of industrial enterprises based on the introduction of innovative and digital technologies and increasing the investment attractiveness of high-tech industries. The leading approach to the study of this problem is a systematic and comprehensive analysis of the reasons of technological lag of industrial enterprises and the factors restraining their effective development. As a result, the possibilities of the economy growth at the account of the tools of the industrial investment policy were proved. The materials of the article are of practical value for researchers and specialists involved in the problems of increasing the investment attractiveness and economic efficiency of industrial enterprises in conditions of economy digitalization. The materials of the article are of practical value for researchers and specialists involved in the problems of increasing the investment attractiveness and economic efficiency of industrial enterprises in conditions of digitalization of the economy.

Under conditions of globalization and political transformation of the world, a further economic, political, and cultural integration of Russia and Kazakhstan is expected. Most of the Russia's population associate the further development of the country with the Eurasian economic community. This is not by accident. In 2012, a single economic space was created that included Russia and Kazakhstan. One of the effective tools of improvement of competitiveness of developing economies under conditions of globalization is transborder clusters. Thus, a special interest goes to identification of spheres, into which the potential clusters of Russia and Kazakhstan in transborder regions could form. That is why, using the methodology of the European cluster observatory, we shall present in this article the evaluation of the spheres in which the formation of the clusters takes place. This would clarify the consequences of scenario of stable growth and integration of economies of neighboring countries into the single economic space. One of the discoveries of this article shows that statistical evaluations prove that economies of Kazakhstan and Russia are not ready for global expansion of regional competitiveness on the basis of cluster development; there is a significant asymmetry in the structure of spheres from the perspective of formation of transborder clusters.

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The purpose of the article is to reveal the influence of the state policy of economic restructuring and renewal on the allocation of labor resources in regions and cities of the country. The state policy has an impact on the allocation of labor resources, but causes, at times, conflicting effects. This is especially true during the economic restructuring and renewal period. As a scientific and methodological basis, the analysis of the economic structure and the four-factor shift-share analysis, adapted by the authors in earlier works, were used. The use of statistical data of 98 cities in five federal districts of Russia in 2009–2015 allowed the authors to reveal the ambiguous influence of the state policy of economic restructuring and renewal on the allocation of labor resources by regions and cities of the country. It has been confirmed that the restructuring and renewal policy of the Russian economy, as well as in other countries, is accompanied by changes in the allocation of labor resources. As a positive effect, it can be noted that economic restructuring and renewal contribute to a balance in the spatial allocation of labor resources. As negative effects of economic restructuring and renewal, the authors of the article note the inertial nature of the economic structure (the extractive sector retains a leading position in terms of employment indicators) and a reduction in the labor potential of peripheral cities, which does not correspond to the stated goals of the economic restructuring and renewal policy. It is shown that the city authorities are able to exert a greater influence on changes in the economic structure than it is generally assumed. The authors believe that the states implementing the restructuring and renewal policy should take into account changes in the allocation of labor resources by regions and cities in order to observe the balance in regions’ development and not to fall into a trap in which economic growth of regions attracting labor resources will be achieved at the expense of other regions.

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