Аннотация. статья посвящена районированию территории Ростовской области по типам природопользования и выделению районов с определенными и взаимосвязанными между собой видами хозяйственной деятельности, характером воздействия на окружающую среду, экологической ситуацией и соответствующими проблемами. Ключевые слова: экологическая ситуация, антропогенная нагрузка, типы природопользования, районирование Ростовской области по условиям природопользования.

The methodology was developed and the socio-economic risk of the manifestation of abrasion and landslide processes in the coastal zone of the Azov Sea was evaluated. The methodology includes assessing the degree of danger of coastal processes and determining possible material losses. The numerical index of socio-economic risk is calculated as the product of point estimates of these parameters. The main factors of dangerous coastal processes formation have been established, according to their similar combination in the coastal zone of the Azov Sea, 42 functional areas and the impact zone of hazardous abrasion and landslide processes predicted for a 20-year period have been identified. In the forecast zone, 112 socio-economic objects were identified that are subject to the influence of dangerous abrasion and landslide processes. For these socio-economic objects, using the standard set of tools of the public GIS service “Cadastral map of Rosreestr”, an enlarged calculation of possible economic damage has been made. The highest values of the socio-economic risk of the manifestation of abrasion and landslide processes in the coastal zone of the Azov Sea fall on abrasion and abrasion-landslide sections of the coast with a high rate of abrasion, a large number of capital construction projects and a high value of material losses.

To assess the current state of the coastal zone of the Sea of Azov, we made an analysis of socioeconomic and environmental consequences of hazardous coastal processes, a comprehensive environmental and economic assessment, which includes the study of the main natural, economic, social and environmental factors of the coastal zone. In the process of assessment, the following were determined: natural resources, economic and demographic potentials, living standards and quality of life of the population, and environmental conditions. In order to compare heterogeneous socioeconomic and environmental indicators, a five-point system was used, in which the numerical values of the indicators were ranked using certain criteria. The assessment in the coastal zone of the Sea of Azov identified five groups of cities and areas with different levels of development, ecological and economic balance. Emergency areas with a high rate of bank destruction (more than 2-4 m/year) are located in the Neklinovsky, Shcherbinovsky, Yeiskiy, Primorsko-Akhtarsky districts and account for 33% of the coast. Ecological and economic assessment of the coastal zone of the Azov Sea is the basis for further analysis of socioeconomic and environmental consequences of dangerous coastal processes and development of recommendations for their prevention.

A survey method for identifying avifauna in shallow areas of the Don River delta has been developed and tested using a prototype of an autonomous remote-controlled and self-propelled floating craft equipped with technical means for optical-visual observation and video filming (hereafter referred as the complex). The complex is remote-controlled by an operator. The methodology of the work included designing the complex and testing it in open water bodies, reconnaissance of the shallow water bodies in the Don River delta where the complex might navigate, the approbation of the panoramic video recording of birds, and processing of the recorded video for identification of the species. The complex is able to reliably collect visual information on the move as well as being stationed at points for bird observation. Thanks to the test missions of the complex, the selected shallow areas of the Don River delta were explored for the first time and reviewed by panoramic video recording. The 16 birds were captured in the footage, and 7 out of them were reliably identified. The panoramic video records can be also used for educational purposes. The developed complex has a relatively low manufacturing cost and can be assembled in a university lab too.