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In the present paper reported is the manufacturing of ceramic spherical implants for medical purposes by employing diamond-abrasive lapping techniques. The technological parameters of this technique and a theoretical model experimentally verified are presented. A novel method of control of the free lapping process is suggested, resulting, as indicated by the experimental and theoretical results, in a decrease of time requested for the coordination of the profiles of the tool and the workpiece and in an increase of the process efficiency when manufacturing precision work surfaces.

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Three pulmonary surthctant preparations: from human amniotic fluid, from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and from cattle lung tissue homogenate were tested in preclinical studies. The preparations are nontoxic, possess no mutagenic, teratogenic, and allergic activities and do not modify visceral morphology after repeated injections. After a single intratracheal administration the drugs normalize arterial blood oxygenation in 15-30 rain and arrest the respiratory distress syndrome in dogs, which is confirmed roentgenologically and clinically. Key Words: respiratory distress syndrome; surfactant; pharmacological properties; therapeutic activityThe respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is one of the major causes of neonatal and adult mortality [3,5]. About 30,000 babies with RDS are annually born in Rnssia; in the USA 150,000 RDS cases are recorded annually in adults. In RDS 15-30% newborns and 50-70% adults die [3,5,7]. In preterm newborns RDS is caused by immaturity of type 2 alveolocytes and the resultant primary deficiency of puhnonary surthctant (PS) [2]. In RDS of adults, PS deficiency is secondary, developing as a result of structural and functional disorders in the airblood barrier. It often develops after multiple injury, sepsis, shock lung, radiation injury, etc. Natural and synthetic PS preparations have been widely used all over the world: smwana (USA), surfactant-TA (Japan), curosurf (Italy), alveofact (Germany), exosurf (UK) [8].We developed a technologically inexpensive method for preparing natural PS and chalacterized their physicochemical properties. Three preparations were studied: human PS isolated from parturients' amniotic fluid, PS from bronchoalveolar iavage fluid (PS-BLF), and PS prepared by water-salt extraction of finely dispersed cattle lung (PS-WSE).The pharmacological and therapeutic properties of these PS preparations are studied.