No abstract

Recently, the popularization of obligatory preventive use of multivitamin preparations has been observed, and, as a result of this, they have become an integral part of the modern lifestyle. This is precisely what determines the relevance and necessity of researching the market of vitamin and mineral complexes in Ukraine. A feature of the current state of the vitamin market is their positioning in the form of both drugs and dietary supplements (DS). In view of this, research of the assortment dynamics of product range, the features of the competitive environment for this group of drugs are important. Therefore, the purpose of our work was to analyze the dynamics of the range of vitamin drugs and compare them with the range of vitamin DS. The material of the study was an assortment of vitamin drugs and DS according to the manuals «Compendium. Medicines» of different years of publication in period from1999 to 2019 and Compendium.online site as of February 2019. Such research methods of market conditions analysis for vitamin products as generalization, systematization, comparative analysis were used. The analysis of the dynamics of the range of vitamin medicines in Ukraine during 1999-2019 was conducted. It was determined that the maximum amount of vitamin products was presented in the pharmaceutical market of Ukraine in 2007 (267 items by trade names), the minimum – in 2016 (119 preparations). At the beginning of 2019 the number of vitamin medicines is 170. 21 Ukrainian producers offered 84 vitamin drugs, which is almost half of the registered positions (49,4%). Another 86 drugs (51,6% of the analyzed population) are represented by 30 manufacturers from 18 countries of the world. Among the foreign producers, the largest number of positions is offered by manufacturers from the USA (22), Germany (15), Israel (9), and Slovenia (8). On the Compendium.online information resource in the section «Dietary Supplements», there were 325 presented items of vitamin supplements from 126 manufacturers, which is almost twice the number of registered vitamin medicines (170). All 16 vitamin drug manufacturers also have diet supplements in their portfolio. For 5 producers, the amount of supplements exceeds the supply of drugs in the investigated segment: Queisser Pharma, Bayer, Beringer Ingelheim, Dr. Theiss Naturwaren (all – Germany), Polfarma (Poland) and Valeant (Canada).

Ukraine has launched a government program «Affordable Medicines» for patients with cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and bronchial asthma in 2017, which reimburses essential medicines for outpatients. Since April 2019, electronic prescriptions for the «Affordable Medicines» program have been introduced. The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare the development of a government drug reimbursement program, including the dynamics of the number of prescription and dispensed electronic prescriptions for medicinal products in the «Affordable Medicines» program in 2019, both in Ukraine and at the level of Lviv city and Lviv region. For research and analysis, we have obtained statistics from the National Health Service of Ukraine (NHSU) on the number of e-prescriptions for medicines in the Affordable Medicines program and pharmacy facilities involved in the program over certain periods from April to December 2019 across Ukraine and at the level of Lviv city and Lviv region. We used informative, comparative research methods and a method of retrospective analysis of the dynamics of prescribed and dispensed e-prescriptions for medicines. The results of the study showed that Lviv region is consistently among the leaders of e-dispensing medicines. E-prescriptions are most commonly prescribed for patients aged over 65 years old with cardiovascular disease. Differences in e-appointments of pharmacies by INN at the level of Lviv city and Lviv region are revealed in comparison with the average data of Ukraine. E-prescribing has been shown to increase access to medication for patients, as at the end of 2019 through the «Affordable Medicines» program, 1.77 million patients were enrolled and 10.86 million e-prescriptions were written out, of which 9.23 million (84.94%) were released from pharmacies. Lviv region has actively implemented e-prescriptions and according to the NHSU 43% of the pharmacies in the region are connected to this system and they issue e-prescriptions, that is higher than the average data in Ukraine of 35%. The positive dynamics of the growth of e-prescriptions written and released of essential drugs from 29% to 85% indicates the effective implementation of the e-prescription in Ukraine and confirms the effective implementation of the drug reimbursement program. Considering the benefits of electronic prescriptions, reducing the number of errors, time, monitoring appointments, it is promising to expand the list of drugs, including. those that are purchased for budgetary or accounting purposes to optimize pharmaceutical assistance to the public.

The prevalence of epilepsy in Ukraine in 2009 was 68.7, and the incidence – 5.7 per 100 thousand population. According to statistics in 2014, the incidence of epilepsy in Lviv region was 19.0 patients per 100 thousand population. The purpose of research was to process information about the prices for medicines based on valproic acid and carbamazepine of different manufacturers in different dosages and release forms in drugstores Lviv by searching service «GeoApteka». The object of investigation was the information from the site «State Register of Medical Products of Ukraine», pricing information on the search service “GeoApteka». Research methods – cost minimization, comparative analysis. Analyzing the data obtained with the search service «GeoApteka», we can state: – the cost of 1 package valproic acid prolonged action 300 mg - Depakin (original drug) is not significantly different from the imported generic drug Сonvuleks and in 1.8 times more expensive than Enkorat (imported generic) data on prices of domestic generics, unfortunately, are not available; – the cost of 1 pack of prolonged-action tablets valproic acid 500 mg Depakin (original drug) is 1.5-2.2 times higher than the generic imported analogs and 2.9 times than the domestic generic; – comparison of the cost of syrups is problematic, since the dose of the active pharmaceutical ingredient in Depakin and Convulex is different (57.64 and 50 mg/ml, respectively); not counting the difference in valproic acid content, the cost of 1 dose of syrup (5 ml) of Convulex in 1.5 times more expensive, although the content of active pharmaceutical ingredient is lower than in Depakin; – data on the cost of lyophilizate for the preparation solution for injection Depakin no, accordingly there is nothing to compare the price of Convulex in a similar form of release; – the cost of 1 pack of carbamazepine tablets 200 mg – Finlepsin (imported generic) is 4.3–7 times higher than that of domestic generics; – the cost of 1 pack of prolonged action tablets of carbamazepine 400 mg of the original preparation Finlepsin is almost 3.7 times more expensive than the imported generic; the cost of domestic generics is not established; – data on the cost of tablets containing 400 mg of carbamazepine, prolonged-release tablets containing 600 mg of carbamazepine are also absent; – only 1 plant is engaged in the manufacture of the carbamazepine suspension – it is impossible to make comparisons; the same situation with tablets of prolonged action 200 and 300 mg of carbamazepine. There are doubts about the safety use, bioequivalence, therapeutic effect, there is no negative impact on the human health of generic drugs. The question of availability, in particular AED`s is acute because the drug treatment of this disease is often necessary to carry out throughout the patient's life. Taking into account the cost data of the original and generic AEDs, we can conclude that the treatment by domestic generics regardless of the active substance (carbamazepine or valproic acid) is much cheaper than by the original imported drugs.

A563have regarding to the mineral waters/drinking water. Methods: The target group of our study was the 18 year old citizens of Pécs (N= 60) and Bátya (N= 60), in 2013. The quantitative study with self-edited questionnaires contained the following topics: socio-demographic data, water-consumption habits, knowledge about local mineral-and drinking water, experiences, mineral water purchasing and consuming habits, knowledge about the beneficial effects of mineral water on health. As a statistical method, we conducted an χ 2 test with a 95% percent of probability (p< 0,05), with the help of SPSS 20.0 software. Results: The Bátya population prefer "traditional" liquids to citizens of Pécs. Since inhabitants of Bátya consume significantly more likely soda everyday than citizens of Pécs (p= 0,025) but the same cannot be said for the consumption of syrups (p= 0,682). Also has been confirmed, that during the purchase of mineral water the observed population does not consider its mineral content, it is the taste and price that influence them, only after these they check the mineral content. Men have significantly more knowledge about the effects of mineral water on health (p= 0,047). Who have elementary qualifications were significantly more to give false answers which component should be taken into consideration in case of high blood pressure, whereas those who have a high school or higher education qualification were significantly more to know the right answer, the sodium. ConClusions: I had observed lack knowledge about the effects of mineral water on health, as well as about the quality of local drinking water. Drinking water suppliers and Policy Administration Services of Public Health should emphasize that in Hungary, in most cases, the quality of drinking water is appropriate.