Alcohol consumption above a certain threshold is associated with an increase in total serum IgE levels. Alcohol consumption may also be associated with an increased prevalence of pollen sensitization.

SMs (T. putrescentiae and L. destructor) are major aeroallergens in adults in the region studied, even in subjects without occupational exposure.

In a population with high prevalence of HAV exposure, no significant association between HAV exposure and allergic sensitization is observed after controlling for the confounding effect of age.