The localized irrigation is the artificial application of water to the root zone of plants for the purpose of supplying the essential moisture requirement for plant growth. The system makes the production and availability of food crops, citrus and vegetables possible throughout the year on small and medium scale basis at an affordable cost. In places and periods of water scarcity, low-cost drip irrigation can be used for the economic growing of vegetables, citrus and food crops all –round the year. This paper aimed at developing a low-cost drip irrigation system to empower the small and medium scale farmers to produce crops during offseason at minimum operational cost with less human efforts. The field area of 126.4 m2 was properly cleared, stumped, ploughed, harrowed and leveled. The leveling was carried out to allow unobstructed flow and evenly distribution of water to the root of plants. The system does not only reduce water loss but also conserve water during the period of scarcity. The controlled moisture available to the plant at low soil tension results in faster growth, higher yields, better quality and more environmentally and health friendly. The system improves the penetration of water into problematic soils and reduces substantially deep percolation and runoff losses. The system also saves water, money, time and makes provision for all- season farming. The topography of the field was flat with its suitable soil texture, texture, retention capacity and pump for this work was designed and selected to be 1 hp. The system was developed using a simple principle of water flow through gravity to drip out water at regulated interval to irrigate farmland. The drum has 214 litres capacity and 121 emitters. The total cost of production was estimated to be ₦50, 790 which is affordable by small and medium scale farmers.

A Motorized Dehulling and CentrifugationalCleaning Machine for Locust Beans was designed in this study. The inlet into the dehulling chamber is a hopper made with mild steel. The dehulling chamber consists of an auger shaft and abrasive barrel which leads directly to a vertically positioned hollow cylinder that serves as the cleaning unit. This cylinder houses paddles that rotate to initiate centrifugation in the cylinder so as to both wash the seeds and separate them from their coats by floatation made possible by density differences. Boiling time and moisture content of locust beans influenced the efficiency of the machine. Mechanizing the post-harvest processing of locust bean will reduce drudgery associated with its processing, improve the quality, shelf life, acceptability of condiment and other end products from locust beans, and enhance the rural economy.

Cassava is a major source of food and raw material for domestic and industrial uses in Nigeria. Consequently, the technologies involved in its cultivation from planting to harvesting require proper development. This paper reports the development of a labour-saving technology for harvesting cassava using standard procedures for designing soil engaging implements. Locally available materials were also used in the fabrication of the harvester. Results of trial tests indicate a digging efficiency of 58.9%, fuel consumption of 16 l/ha, field capacity of 0.11 ha/hr, field efficiency of 67.9% and root damage of 43.03%. The total cost of fabricating the machine was 184,000 naira only. Further tests under various soil and operational conditions for improvement and optimization were recommended for the purpose of patenting for commercialization.