This study aims to determine the characteristics of smallholder farmers in Tolok Village, Tompaso District. The study was conducted in August to September 2019. The selection of samples in this study was carried out purposevley with 33 respondent farmers, namely those who have small size of land of less than 0.5 hectares. The data used in this study are primary data and secondary data. Primary data collected through interviews and observations. Secondary data were obtained from the Tolok Village office, library and the Internet. Data analysis uses description analysis, which describes the characteristics of smallholder farmers and is presented in tabular form. The results showed that farmers who have small size of land with low income and are unable to rely solely on the agricultural sector as a source of income. The non-agricultural sector is also used as a source of additional income to meet their needs.*eprm*

This study aims to determine the income of coffee farming. The location of this research was East Purwerejo Village, Modayag Sub-district, East Bolaang Mongondow District. Data collection is done by taking primary data and secondary data. Primary data were obtained from farmers through a list of prepared questions, while secondary data were obtained from village offices. Sampling method used Simple Ramdom Sampling by taking samples of 20 farmers. Data collecting method used is descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that the existing coffee farming in Purwerejo Timur village has benefited and is feasible to cultivate due to higher income compared to expenditure cost incurred by farmers.

This study aims to determine what sectors are the leading sectors and the role of superior sector to the economy within the last 5 years in Jayawijaya regency. This research is conducted for three months starting from June 2017 until August 2017 in Jayawijaya Regency. The data used in this study is secondary data obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) Jayawijaya district. The data is in though using descriptive analysis research method. The research shows that the sectors that are the leading sectors in Jayawijaya Regency are agriculture, forestry, fishery, processing industry sector, electricity, gas and water supply sector, construction sector, trade, hotel and restaurant sector, transportation and communications sector, and the services sector. The sectors of services, transport and communications, and the agricultural sector are the most contributing sectors in the economy compared to other leading sectors.

This study aims to determine the life strategy of wetland rice farmers in Tumani Selatan Village, Sub-District of Maesaan, South Minahsa Regency. This research was conducted for three months from September to November 2018. The data used in this study were primary and secondary data. Primary data collection through direct interviews with 15 respondents of paddy rice farmers based on a questionnaire that had been prepared previously. Secondary data was collected from the office of Desa Tumani Selatan, from the internet through google searching regarding the profile of South Minahasa Regency, and from previous research documents that were relevant to this study. Data analysis in this study is quantitative and qualitative analysis which is presented in the form of a table, then described descriptively. The results of the research that have been done show that the life strategy of the upper class of farmers applies two strategies, namely the accumulation strategy and consolidation strategy. Middle class farmers apply accumulation strategies. While the lower class farmers implement a survival strategy.*eprm*

The study aims to determine the income and consumption of coastal communities in Rarumis hamlet eastern sub-district of Lembean. The data used are primary data and secondarydata. Primary data were obtained by using direct interview of technique on respondents by using questionnaire (questionnaire). While secondary data is obtained from Karor village office ofeastern sub-district of Lembean. Sample method in this study used population method where sampling or data taken as a whole. The concept of meansurement of variables used in householdconsumption and income levels. The result of this research shows that Hamlet Rarumis Districts of eastern daienan there are two income from society that is basic income as farmer obtained byresult of plant of chili, corn, coconut and side income as farm laborer working in owned land of others, as fisherman doing fish at sea for sale in other villages, as well as small businesses by opening stalls. Income that the perolwh community is used to meet the consumption of each family through the expenditure of primary, secondary and tertiary needs.