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Vernalization genes are associated with the adaptation capability, heading dates, and yield poten tial of grain crops. The allelic composition in the Vrn A1, Vrn B1, and Vrn B3 genes was defined in 42 lines of double haploids of hexaploid triticale, which were produced through in vitro anther culture. Two alleles (Vrn A1a and vrn A1) were found at the Vrn A1 locus and three alleles (Vrn B1a, Vrn B1c, and vrn B1) were found at the Vrn B1 locus. All double haploids carried the recessive allele at the Vrn B3 locus. Twelve lines of spring triticale were selected, and they were characterized by an allelic composition associated with early maturity and high potential of grain yield.

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