The article states that until 2022, Ukraine will occupy the first place in the world food market in the production of sunflower, sunflower oil and export of sunflower oil. The production of sunflower has always been sufficiently profitable, and the products of its processing competitive on the domestic and world markets. They are also an important component of food and feed protein resources. The production of complete ration compound feed for farm animals and poultry is restrained by a shortage of protein components, a low level of sanitary and hygienic safety of protein raw materials of animal origin. This leads to a decrease in the efficiency of feed, their costs and, as it should be, a shortage of livestock products. Cake and meal are high-protein raw materials, which are obtained in the amount of 1/3 of the mass of processed seeds during the production of sunflower oil. The fodder value of sunflower cake and meal is given. Factors that negatively affect the nutritional value and availability of nutrients of sunflower meal in the feed of farm animals and poultry were analyzed. The choice of components for the production of high-protein feed additive is theoretically justified. The indicators of the quality of sunflower seeds and by-products of their processing, which meet the requirements of DSTU, have been determined. On the basis of theoretical and experimental data, a structural scheme for the production of a high-protein feed supplement based on sunflower cake and meal is proposed, which involves the preliminary preparation of the by-products of sunflower oil production - cake and meal, with the following dosage in the amount: 75% sunflower meal, 10% sunflower cake and 15% limestone flour. The physical properties and microbiological indicators of the quality of a highprotein feed additive were experimentally determined, and it was determined that, compared to a loose, granular high-protein feed additive, it has the following advantages: increased nutritional value, has a greater volumetric weight, sanitary quality, which leads to saving space during transportation and better storage.
The oil and fat industry of Ukraine is one of the most powerful branches of the food industry, the development of which is of particular importance for assessing the country's food security. The screening showed that Ukraine occupies a leading position in the world market for the production of sunflower and sunflower oil, as well as the export of sunflower oil. The largest Ukrainian companies producing unrefined and refined sunflower oil are listed.The structural scheme of obtaining by-products, which are formed during the processing of oil crops, which have a rather high feed value and are used in feeding agricultural animals and poultry, is presented. Determining factors affecting the amount of by-products of vegetable oil production are characterized.Production of a high-protein feed additive based on sunflower meal, sunflower cake and mineral raw materials is proposed.A technological process scheme for the production of a high-protein feed additive has been developed, which provides for the following technological lines: a line for cleaning oilseeds; fall line of oilseeds; oil seed core pressing line; cake and meal preparation line; mineral raw material preparation line; dosage line; mixing line; granulation line.The production of the proposed high-protein feed additive in granulated form can be carried out at the existing oil processing enterprise in the meal granulation shop, which will make it possible to effectively use the by-products of sunflower oil production.
Today, in Ukraine, the issue of producing high-quality and safe livestock products is solved by the introduction of intensive technologies that involve the use of various feed additives, including vitamins, probiotics, prebiotics, macro- and microelements. In recent years, the development of feed additives using live cultures of microorganisms, so-called probiotic products, has attracted much attention of scientists. The strategy in the creation of these products is aimed, first of all, at ensuring the physiological needs of the animal body in biologically active substances. The addition of probiotic supplements to feed increases the bioavailability of nutrients, health, immunity, performance and conservation of animals. Probiotic feed additive EnzActive is a special product on the market of feed additives, the addition of which to feed is aimed at reducing, and in the future, the complete elimination of the use of antibiotics in animal feeding. The article examines the mechanism of action of active fodder yeast on the body of farm animals and proves that the use of active fodder yeast in animal feeding helps reduce the cost of feed due to better assimilation by the animal's body and reduction of morbidity among animals. Methods of introduction of active fodder yeast into the technological process of compound feed production are analyzed. On the basis of theoretical and experimental data, a structural scheme for the extrusion of grain raw materials with active fodder yeast is proposed, which involves preliminary mixing with crushed grain raw materials to obtain a highly homogeneous and stable composition. The physical properties of the feed additive, which includes corn grain and active feed yeast EnzActive, were experimentally determined, which indicate that, compared to the loose, extruded feed additive, it has the following advantages: the mass fraction of moisture decreases by 24.4%, the natural slope angle increases by 11, 6%, the flowability decreases by 48.2%, and the volumetric weight decreases by 24%. When extruding corn grain with active fodder yeast, the degree of starch dextrinization is 59%, and the extrudate expansion index is 2.3. Microbiological indicators were determined, which indicate that the number of yeast cells in extruded grain with active feed yeast EnzActive was only 6% compared to the number of yeast cells in untreated corn grain with active feed yeast.
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