БАЛАШОВА Г.С.-доктор сільськогосподарських наук, старший науковий співробітник http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7023-621X Інститут зрошуваного землеробства Національної академії аграрних наук України КОТОВА О.І.-науковий співробітник http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8970-5071 Інститут зрошуваного землеробства Національної академії аграрних наук України ЮЗЮК О.О.-науковий співробітник http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7785-1055 Інститут зрошуваного землеробства Національної академії аграрних наук України КОТОВ Б.С.-молодший науковий співробітник http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2369-7288 Інститут зрошуваного землеробства Національної академії аграрних наук України ЮЗЮК С.М.-кандидат сільськогосподарських наук, старший науковий співробітник http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8761-642X Інститут зрошуваного землеробства Національної академії аграрних наук України НЕТІС В.І.-кандидат сільськогосподарських наук, старший науковий співробітник http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4403-083Х Інститут зрошуваного землеробства Національної академії аграрних наук України

The article presents field research results on the effectiveness of different moisture and nutrition conditions at the cultivation of early potato under drip irrigation in southern Ukraine. The scheme of the experiment included the treatment with the complex Mochevyn K as an additional control and different methods and correlation of fertilizers Plantafol (treatment of tubers before planting, fertilizing, at budding and their combination), as well as different soil moisture conditions (irrigation rates of 100 and 200 m?/ha). Studies have shown that the average yield of early potato without irrigation was 10.44 t/ha. Moisture conditions significantly affected the yield of young tubers - irrigation at a rate of 200 m?/ha provided 21.61 t/ha, whereas reducing the irrigation rate to 100 m?/ha led to a decrease in yield - 19.86 t/ha. The first treatment of planting tubers, treatment of plants at sprouting and during budding provided almost the same yield. The second and the third treatments of plants and tubers did not lead to a significant increase in yield. The highest productivity of potato was provided by Plantafol treatment of tubers and combination of tuber treatment with foliar feeding at mass sprouting phase with a 200 m?/ha irrigation rate for two years: 24.16 and 23.22 t/ha.

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Goal. To determine the features of economic and energy efficiency and productivity of potato plants of variety Kobza depending on the elements of the technological process of growing under drip irrigation in the South of Ukraine. Methods. The research was performed during 2013-2015 in the area of the Inhulets irrigation system by generally accepted methods. Field, laboratory, mathematical-statistical, computational, and comparative methods were used, abstract and system analysis was performed. Results. The maximum yield was obtained when using local application of mineral fertilizers at a dose of N60P60K60 on the background of soil moisture 0.6 m by 35.81 t/ha with the number of tubers under the bush 6.3 pcs. The average cost of the material obtained in the experiment-1,522 thousand UAH/t. Increasing the depth of the calculation layer and applying fertilizers in various ways helped to reduce costs. The exception was the use of N60P60K60 with irrigation water, which led to a slight increase in cost. On average, according to the experiment, the energy yield was 103.9 GJ/ha, in the control, it was accumulated from 79.2 to 82.9 GJ/ha. Conclusions. The lowest cost (1,345 thousand UAH/t of product), the maximum net profit (77,160 thousand UAH/ ha), and the increase in energy (66.30 GJ/ha) were obtained under conditions of moistening of 0.6 m of the soil layer and local application of N60P60K60. The level of profitability was 160%, the energy efficiency ratio was 2.24.

The purpose. To determine optimum root formation in crop in vitrо of mediumearly cultivars of potato Nevskaya depending on acidity of nutrient medium(pH), intensity of illumination and photoperiod for increaseof production of the initial improved planting stock. Methods. Complex use of laboratory, mathematical and statistical, calculation-comparative methods and system analysis. Results. Experimental data concerning influence of acidity of nutrient medium (pH), intensity of illumination and photoperiod on induction of root formation are brought at microclonal reproduction of the improved initial material. It is fixed that рН of nutrient medium influences intensity of root formation. Conclusions. The maximum productivity indexes and economic efficiency of plants in vitro of medium-early cultivar Nevskaya are gained at рН=5,3, photoperiod of 16 h and illumination of 2500 l. Intensity of root formation made 92,7%, mass of average microtuber -667,7 mg, mass of microtubers for 1 plant -617,3 mg, amount of microtubers in mass more than 350 mg -79,1% at profitableness of production of 117 %, cost prices 7,37 hrn/microtuber, conditional net profit -8,63 hrn/microtuber. Key words: root formation, amount of interstitial sites, height of plants, acidity of nutrient medium, photoperiod, intensity of illumination, mass of microtubers.The necessary basis for the development of the technology for obtaining microand minibools is the knowledge of the mechanism of tuber formation as a physiological and biochemical process and its methods of regulation. It is established that tuber formation in a plant is induced by a system of factors, :excess of assimilants, hormonal state of the plant, photoperiod, temperature decrease, nitrogen deficiency, change of tragacanth centers due to the damping of the activity of the apical meristem of the stalk in the direction of soboles and tubers, ontogenetic state of the plant [1 , 2]