No abstract

Ключевые слова: модель острого повреждение почек, глицерол, хроническая болезнь почек, показатели функции почек, морфометрические характеристики почек крыс. Keywords: model of acute kidney insufficiency, indexes of the functional state of kidneys, morphometric description, glycerol. Резюме. Известно, что после острого повреждения почек имеется риск развития хронической болезни почек и высокой смертности от ее осложнений. Материал и методы. Исследование проведены на 40 беспородных крысах при моделировании острого повреждения почек, вызванного токсическими дозами глицерола. Для гистохимического исследования препарат почек заливали в парафин, срезы тканей окрашивали гематоксилин-эозином; ультратонкие препараты анализировали в электронном микроскопе ПЕМ-125К. Результаты и обсуждение . Введение глицерола приводит к дистрофическим и некротическим изменениям в канальцевом аппарате почек и увеличению метрических параметров клубочков. На стадии хронической почечной недостаточности наблюдается уменьшение размеров клубочков, их очаговая гибель и нефросклероз. Выводы. При моделировании почечной патологии путем введения 50% глицерола нарушение функции почек носит стадийный характер с вероятным развитием хронической болезни почек через 8 недель. Summary. It is known, that after acute damage of kidney there is a risk of development of chronic kidney desease and death rate from its complications. Material and methods. Research are spent on 40 not purebred rats at modelling of acute damage of the kidneys caused by toxic doses of glycerol . To evaluate histopathologal changes , we used cuts of fabrics painted gematoksilineozinom. Ultrathin preparations analyzed in electronic microscope PЕМ-125К. Results. Administration of glycerol leads to to uremia with dystrophic changes in tubular device and glomerular hypertrophy. At a stage of chronic renal insufficiency reduction of the glomerular sizes, tubulointerstitial fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis is observed. Conclusion. At modelling of a nephritic pathology by introduction of 50 % glycerol infringement of function of kidneys has phasic character with probable development of chronic kidney desease in 8 weeks.

Summary. Material and methods. On an experimental material at modelling of acute and chronic nephritic insufficiency at 75 white not purebred rats action research a crioextract ofplacenta (CEP) on morphology and functional indicators of kidneys is carried out. Results and discussion. Introduction CEP in early terms of damage of kidneys leads to fast elimination of changes of an epithelium of the tubular device and prevents development a CKI. The effect from introduction CEP remains about 16 weeks. Conclusions. Under the influence ofCEP in the beginning of development of acute kidney insufficiency function of kidneys remains. At the generated chronic insufficiency function of kidneys improves for short term and introduction ofCEP does not influence on development CKI.

All over the world the increase in quantity of patients with vascular complications of chronic inflammatory diseases of kidneys is marked. The interrelation of morphological and biochemical markers of atherosclerotic lesions were studied in 41 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) (group 1) and 62 - with CAD and chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) (group 2). An extracranial carotid artery (CA) status was investigated by duplex ultrasonography. VE-cadherin content determined by ELISA. States of the antioxidant system was evaluated by the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and sulfhydryl groups (SH-groups) in the blood plasma by the photometric method. The levels of nitric oxide stable metabolites – NO2 and total (NO2+NO3) in plasma was determined by the photometric method. There was found that the frequency of CA plaques detection in groups 1 and 2 did not differ (27,6% and 31,0%, respectively), but patients of group 2 were reliably younger. Pronounced VE-cadherin increase (3,6-fold, p <0,01) at the background of the deterioration of renal function (2,24 -fold GFR decrease, and urinary protein excretion reaches (0,200,98) g / day) was observed in group 2. The content of NO2 in group 2 was significantly lower than in controls, and total (NO2+NO3) was increased as compared with control (2,40-fold, P <0,01), and with patients of group 1 (in 1,86-fold, p <0.05). Increase of MDA level in patients of group 2 (2,61-fold, P<0,01) accompanied by reduction of SH groups content – by 25,2% (P <0.05) compared with control. Thus, in patients with combined pathology revealed the most pronounced disorders of endothelial integrity and function, which was worsening by imbalance in the pro-antioxidant system. Accelerated atherosclerotic vascular changes in these patients are probably related to the chronic inflammatory process.

Objective: To establish the possible relationship between changes in cardiac hemodynamics and im-paired phosphate-calcium metabolism and content FGF 23. Patients and Methods: 260 people with diabetic nephropathy, 64 people with hypertension and 20 healthy individu-als were surveyed. Studied the state of the myocardium and cardiac hemodynamics, blood levels of calcium, phosphorus and FGF 23. Results and conclusions: between the state of myocardium, cardiac hemodynamics and content FGF23, phos-phorus and calcium are closely interrelated, which is likely mediated through specific receptor apparatus of myocardium and through immunoinflammatory mechanisms. However, the specific mechanisms of action system FGF23 / phosphorus-calcium exchange for anatomical and functional myocardial changes require further investigation.