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Background. Conducting clinical studies to determine the factors determining the aseptic instability of knee joint endoprosthesis components is an urgent issue in modern orthopedics. The aim of the study was to determine some clinical factors of aseptic instability of knee joint endoprosthesis components. Materials and methods. Comprehensive research was conducted on 285 patients who underwent primary knee arthroplasty between 2010 and 2021, including 85 patients with clinical and radiological signs of aseptic instability of knee arthroplasty components (AIKAC). Also, 200 patients made up a control group with no signs of AIKAC instability observed. Clinical research methods included general, and special orthopedic methods of studying local changes in the knee joint. They included measurement of body mass index (BMI), overloading of the knee joint due to work, previous surgical interventions and early postoperative complications of primary arthroplasty, and presence of angular deformities in the knee joint. For the clinical assessment of the knee joint of patients after knee arthroplasty, we used our own point assessment of the state of the knee joint. Results. It was determined that significant factors for the development of instability of components of the knee joint endoprosthesis are both directly related to the patient (increase in BMI, difficult working conditions, the presence of operative interventions on the knee joint), and factors related to errors du­ring the primary total arthroplasty (residual deformities of the knee joint and early postoperative complications). Conclusions. We determined important factors of aseptic instability of the knee joint in the patients after arthroplasty. Taking into account the results of this study will improve the diagnosis and treatment of aseptic instability of the knee joint.

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Resume. With significant destructive changes in the hip joints, endoprosthesis is the main method of surgical treatment of coxarthrosis. However, according to the Swedish and Canadian registries, 17-20% of patients have pain after arthroplasty. The cause of residual pain may be a concomitant lesion of the spine, and the study of issues related to the clinical features of the hip-lumbar syndrome are relevant from a scientific and practical point of view. The purpose of the study: to analyze the clinical and radiological picture of patients with coxarthrosis with concomitant pathology of the spine, to investigate the dependence of the severity of flexion contracture of the hip, variable parameters (pelvic angle RT and lumbar lordosis GLL) from constant angle and angle; to study the features of the clinical course of hip-lumbar syndrome. Materials and methods. An analysis of the results of examination of 150 patients with stage III-IV idiopathic coxarthrosis who under-went hip arthroplasty in the clinic of orthopedics and traumatology of adults of the State Institution "ITO NAMS of Ukraine" was performed. Hip pain and functional impairment were assessed according Harris and Womac scales also before hip arthroplasty and 3 months after surgery. Results. Analysis of the obtained data shows that with an increase in the angle of inclination of the pelvis and flexion contracture, the values of the parameters of the angle of pelvic deviation increase, which causes a statistically significant increase in the angle of lumbar lordosis. The correlation coefficients between the parameters PI-PT and PI-GLL were 0.65±0.15 and 0.74±0.11, respectively. Conclusions. Pain in patients with small contracture of the hip joint is associated with neuro-dystrophic syndrome in osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine, in patients with larger contracture - with spondyloarthritis. In the vertical position of the sacrum - GLL - the smallest, least pro-nounced and flexion contracture of the hip joint. On the contrary, in the horizontal position of the sacrum in patients with hyperlordosis and significant, more than 10 ° contracture in the hip joints.