Aim: The BNP biomarker application optimization for myocardial dysfunction diagnosis in men citizens of Podillia region in Ukraine with uncomplicated essential hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy by determining the plasma levels in patients with different BNP gene variants. Methods. We examined 141 men, age 40-60 years, who live in Podillia region. Among them 62 men were diagnosed uncomplicated EH with left ventricular hypertrophy (stages 1 and 2) and CHF I-II classes according to NYHA Classification. 79 healthy men were included into the control group. The patients with uncomplicated EH and the healthy men were representative by age. The BNP (T-381C) gene polymorphism was determined by PCR, and the level of BNP plasma concentrations was established by ELISA. Results. In both healthy men and patients with uncomplicated EH with LVH, residents of Podillia region, age 40-60 years, dominates the T381C genotype and the C allele of the BNP gene. It was found that any inherited variant of the BNP gene was not associated with the risk of developing uncomplicated EH with LVH in men residents of Podillia region. However, carriers of the C381C genotype and the C allele of the BNP gene have significantly higher levels of BNP in plasma in both healthy men and patients with uncomplicated EH and LVH, residents of Podillia region, age 40-60 years. There are calculated levels of BNP that can be used for screening of large groups of people for early diagnosis of uncomplicated EH with LVH: BNP boundary level ≥ 82,41 pg/ml ables to diagnose uncomplicated EH with LVH in male carriers of the C allele heterozygote carriers of the genotypes T381C and C381C of the BNP gene; BNP boundary level ≥ 45,34 pg/ml ables to diagnose uncomplicated EH with LVH in male homozygote carriers of the T381T genotype of the BNP gene.
Aim:To improve diagnosis of the severity of essential hypertension in men citizens of Podillia region in Ukraine by determining the plasma levels of ET-1 in patients with different ET-1 gene variants. Methods. We examined 141 men aged 40 -60 years old, who live in Podillia region in Ukraine. Among them 62 men were diagnosed uncomplicated EH with left ventricular hypertrophy and CHF I classe according to NYHA Classification. 79 healthy men were included into a control group. The patients with uncomplicated EH and the healthy men were representative by age. The ET-1 (Lys198Asn) gene polymorphism was determined by PCR, and the level of ET-1 plasma concentrations was established by ELISA. Results. In both healthy men and patients with uncomplicated EH with LVH, residents of Podillia region in Ukraine aged 40-60 years old, dominates Lys198Lys genotype and Lys allele of the ET-1 gene. It was found that any inherited variant of the ET-1 gene was not associated with the risk of developing uncomplicated EH with LVH in men residents of Podillia region in Ukraine. However, the carriers of the Asn allele of the ET-1 gene have significantly higher levels of ET-1 in plasma in both healthy men and patients with uncomplicated EH and LVH. There are calculated levels of ET-1 that can be used for screening of large groups of people for early diagnosis of uncomplicated EH with LVH in carriers of the Asn allele and carriers of the genotype Lys198Lys of the ET-1 gene.
Вінницький національний медичний університет імені М. І. Пирогова, Україна Мета роботи-вдосконалити діагностику схильності жінок постменопаузного віку до розвитку есенціальної артеріальної гіпертензії (ЕГ) та виникнення у них хронічної серцевої недостатності (ХСН) на її тлі шляхом визначення поліморфних генотипів рецептора ангіотензину ІІ першого типу (АТ1-Р) та відповідного структурно-функціонального стану міокарда. Матеріали та методи. Обстежили 180 жінок постменопаузного віку, мешканок Подільського регіону України; 80 осіб без ознак серцево-судинних захворювань склали групу контролю, 100 жінок з ЕГ увійшли в основну групу дослідження. Генотипування гена ангіотензину ІІ першого типу виконали за допомогою полімеразної ланцюгової реакції. Розподіл частот генотипів гена АТ1-Р перевірили на відповідність закону рівноваги Харді-Вайнберга. Структурно-функціональні показники міокарда оцінювали за допомогою ехокардіографічного дослідження. Систолічну функцію лівого шлуночка вважали збереженою у випадках, коли його фракція викиду становила понад 40 %. Математичне опрацювання виконали з використанням стандартного статистичного пакета Statistica 6.0. Результати. У пацієнток з ЕГ найчастіше визначали генотип АС гена АТ1-Р (49 %), генотипи АА та АС виявили відповідно у 40 % та 11 % хворих (р АА-СС ≤ 0,05, р АС-СС ≤ 0,05). Носійство алелі С гена АТ1-Р асоціюється з більшою імовірністю виникнення в майбутньому ХСН у пацієнток з ЕГ, більш вираженими порушеннями структури міокарда, суттєвішими порушеннями як систолічної, так і діастолічної функції лівого шлуночка за псевдонормальним і рестриктивним типами. Висновки. Алель С гена АТ1-Р асоціюється з наявністю ЕГ і більшою ймовірністю виникнення ХСН у жінок постменопаузного віку, мешканок Подільського регіону України, суттєвішими порушеннями структури міокарда, переважним виявленням діастолічної та систолічної дисфункції лівого шлуночка при різному перебігу ЕГ. Наводимо математичні моделі, котрі дають можливість орієнтовно визначати структуру гена АТ1-Р за показниками інтракардіальної гемодинаміки, коли лабораторне дослідження не можливе.
There is a growing interest in the early detection of signs of myocardial dysfunction, especially in comorbid patients for timely prevention of progression of disease, reducing the risk of complications, improving their quality of life. The aim of the work was to optimize the diagnosis of myocardial dysfunction in men, residents of Podillya, taking into account the plasma concentration of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and polymorphism of the corresponding gene under conditions of comorbidity of essential hypertension (EH) with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). We examined 211 men: 79 persons without the signs of cardiovascular diseases, 62 patients with EH 2 and chronic heart failure (CHF) 0-I functional classes (FC) according to NYHA Classification and 70 – with EH 2 combined with T2D and CHF FC I-II. The examination included the determination of plasma concentration of BNP, the brain natriuretic peptide gene polymorphism (polymorphic locus T-381C), indices of doppler-echocardiography. The mathematical processing was performed using the standard statistical package Statistica 10. During the study, we calculated the primary statistical indicators, identified differences between groups on statistical grounds, made correlation and discriminant analysis. Diastolic dysfunction (DD) of the left ventricle (LV) was diagnosed in 45.16% of patients in the group with EH 2, and 90% in the group of comorbid patients. It was determined that men, residents of Podillya, with presence and absence of T2D, have dominating T381C genotype of the BNP gene (p>0.05). Lower plasma concentration of BNP that is peculiar for homozygous T381T genotype, in comparison with carriers of allele C of BNP gene and the average values of this biomarker in patients with DD may affect its informativeness in the diagnosis of myocardial dysfunction and requires a lower level of diagnosis. Appropriate borderline levels of BNP were determined for early diagnosis of DD in carriers of polymorphic variants of the BNP gene in men, residents of Podillya, with comorbid course of EH 2 and T2D. It is recommended to determine the genotype of the corresponding gene (polymorphic locus T-381C) and plasma level of BNP and focus on the calculated borderline levels of BNP to optimize the diagnosis of myocardial dysfunction in comorbid patients with EH 2 and T2D. For carriers of the T381T genotype it is ≥55.57 pg/ml, for carriers of the C allele (heterozygous T381C and homozygous C381C) of the BNP gene it is ≥69.13 pg/ml.
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