Objective of the research was to study up-to-date literary data concerning anatomical peculiarities of palpebral muscles and their supporting and retaining apparatus. Eye diseases have become common nowadays. Very fast development of computer technology and deterioration of ecological conditions are one of the most important factors affecting visual organ impairment. Age physiological changes of the eye and adjacent tissues aggravate the quality of human life as well. Meanwhile, the majority of changes can be corrected. Modern ophthalmology possesses a plenty of surgical techniques, and development of skills in cosmetology and new pharmacological agents ensure a desirable delay of aging and deterioration of the visual organ functions. All the above factors are unlikely to become achievements in medicine without comprehensive awareness of the visual organ anatomy and its auxiliary apparatus. A lot of diseases are associated with eyelids, and ectropion and ptosis of the lower or upper eyelid are the commonest of them. Hypertrophy of the upper part of the orbicular muscle causes ectropion. It is a condition in which the upper eyelid is turned outwards. Isolation of the upper tarsal muscle from the tarsal plate leads to the development of aponeurotic ptosis. Strain of the lower retaining ligament, palpebral fissure septum and capsular-palpebral ligament result in ectropion of the lower eyelid. The presented literary review contains up-to-date information concerning the structure of the muscles of the eyelids and adjacent and auxiliary structures, their functions and possible functional disorders are described. Conclusions. Еhe review of scientific literature dealing with anatomical studies of palpebral muscles and their main adjacent structures is indicative of great interest of scientists in this issue. Though our study has found certain disembodied data and unsystematized fragments in the literature available. In our opinion, compiling an appropriate handbook dealing with the data base available concerning anatomy of the eyelids will considerably improve the quality of numerous surgical operations in cosmetology and ophthalmology.

Scientific literature covers separate data concerning development of the internal female reproductive organs and their age-related and individual anatomical peculiarities during the fetal and early neonatal period of human ontogenesis. The objective of the study is to find chronological succession of development and formation of topographic-anatomical interrelations of the uterus during the perinatal period of human ontogenesis. To achieve the purpose the following methods of morphological examination were used: macroscopic, common and thin section, microscopic, vessel injections, making topographic-anatomical sections, radiological, computed tomography, three-dimensional computed reconstruction, morphometric and statistical. The experimental material (fetal specimens) was divided into two groups: І group – 35 specimens of fetuses deceased during 2017-2019; ІІ group – 105 specimens of fetuses collected during 1995-2000. Physiological disappearance of the channel on the uterus is evidenced by the determined reliable reverse correlations of an average force (r = -0,34) between the width of the uterine fundus which parameters range from 6,0±0,21 mm to 6,4±1,60 mm, and parietal-calcaneal length (PCL) of the fetus. The periods of an intensive enlargement of the uterine morphometric parameters are determined: 4-5 months and 8-10 months. They are characterized by an accelerated enlargement of the uterine fundus width. Thickness of the uterine fundus is found to enlarge most intensively since the 9th month. The width of the uterine fundus in fetuses from II group, 7 months of gestation is reliably longer than that in 4 and 6-month fetuses from the same group (р˂0,05-0,001). This parameter is smaller than that of the 9 and 10-month fetuses (р˂0,05-0,001). It does not differ from the similar one in 8 and 5-month fetuses (р˃0,05). The width of the uterine fundus in 8-month fetuses from II group is reliably similar to that of 5 and 7-month fetuses from the same group (р˃0,05). This parameter is reliably larger than the width of the uterine fundus of 4 and 6-month fetuses (р˂0,001) and reliable smaller than that in 9 and 10-month fetuses (р˂0,05-0,001).

Scientific literature review deals with the issues concerning the peculiarities of the eye socket clinical anatomy. Both common data concerning the peculiarities of the eye socket structure and the results of certain modern studies have been analyzed and structured, which will be useful for both students, teachers and practicing physicians. All the names of anatomical structures are given according to the International Anatomical Nomenclature in the Ukrainian language with Latin equivalents.