This article examines the transformation of enterprises activity in terms of digitalization of business processes. The rapid and global spread of information and communication technologies contributes to the development of the digital economy and causes changes in the economic environment, which leads to the transformation of business activities, methods of transactions and the level of connections between economic entities. Globalization and digitalization of the economy transform the key characteristics and objectives of enterprises, the directions of their development and business management processes. Technological innovations create benefits that affect the economic system as a whole and its individual components. At the same time, the introduction of innovations is carried out in conditions of uncertainty and is associated with a high degree of risk that affects the economic security of enterprises. In the new conditions of information economy development, the competitive struggle of enterprises is intensifying, the models of enterprise management are changing, and the level of digitalization of business processes is growing. The digital age is changing the approach to doing business.  The use of information technology such as marketing management systems, sales and service, telephony and messengers, document management and personnel management systems, accounting systems and other applications transform the activities of enterprises. In the process of enterprise modernization, information becomes a new factor of production, which gradually replaces other factors of production. Тechnology continues to be the largest sector in terms of market capitalization. Effective implementation of innovations, digitalization of business processes allows companies to increase their productivity, achieve the required level of competitiveness and take a stable position in the markets.

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У роботі, використовуючи методику дворівневого кількісного аналізу структурних змін, проаналізовано структурну динаміку консолідованого рахунку товарів і послуг у системі національних рахунків (СНР) України і Польщі. Дослідження базувалося на перевірці двох гіпотез: 1)відмінності між структурами ресурсів і використання рахунку товарів і послуг обох країн є істотними; 2)ця відмінність поступово нівелюється під дією глобалізаційних процесів у світовій економіці. Результати аналізу частково підтвердили гіпотези: відмінності у структурах формування та використання ресурсів рахунку товарів і послуг України та Польщі є, проте їх навряд чи можна назвати істотними. Причина структурної схожості тісно пов'язана з глобальними детермінантами функціонування національної економіки, її спрямованістю на світогосподарську консолідацію, що спричиняє спільну логіку структуризації національних економік. Однак проведений аналіз засвідчив, що навіть у найближчому майбутньому неналежна увага ставлення до структурних змін з боку України може призвести до істотних структурних дисбалансів. The methodology of two-level quantitative analysis of structural changes has been used in the research, the structural dynamics of the consolidated account of goods and services in the system of national accounts of Ukraine and Poland has been analyzed. The research was based on a test of two hypotheses: 1) the differences between the resource structures and the use of the goods and services account of both countries are significant; 2) this difference is gradually being smoothed out by the globalization processes in the world economy. An analysis of the structure of the formation of account resources shows that in the case of Ukraine, after chaotic and unplanned changes in 2016, the structure of resources in Ukraine returned to proportions of the year 2000. In Poland, the structure of resources has changed systematically and purposefully. However, as about the year 2016, the resource structures of the goods and services account of Ukraine and Poland are practically the same. In terms of resource use, structural changes in both countries are more pronounced. However, in this case, the changes in Ukraine are also chaotic, while in Poland we have the signs of a thoughtful and balanced policy of change. This is confirmed by the analysis of the process of structural changes in general (intensity, speed and monotony), and the analysis of structure changes (in size and shape). The hypotheses of the research are partly confirmed: there are differences in the structures of formation and use of resources of the account of goods and services of Ukraine and Poland, but as of today they can hardly be called significant. The cause of structural similarity is closely related to the global determinants of the functioning of the national economy, its focus on global economic consolidation, which leads to a common logic of structuring national economies. However, our analysis shows that even in the near future, inadequate attention to structural change by Ukraine can le...

The article proves the need to study the structural changes in exports and imports of Ukrainian goods. In view of this, the author used his own method of quantitative analysis of structural changes, which was described in detail by him in previous works. The proposed method is based in part on the work of Polish researchers. On the basis of this method the analysis of process of structural changes which provides definition and an estimation of intensity (depth) of changes; development of changes; constancy (monotony) of changes in exports and imports of Ukrainian goods is carried out. The second aspect of the analysis involved the analysis of changes in the structure of exports and imports of goods, which involves the decomposition of structural changes at the level of structural elements and analysis of changes in size and shape of the structure on this basis. According to the results of the analysis, it is shown that at the beginning of the study period the metals and metal products, machinery, equipment and transport, food products and agricultural products were the basis of exports of goods. At the end of the study period, the priorities of Ukrainian exports of goods changed: the food products and agricultural products came in the first place in the structure. Changes in the structure of exports have shown that the world economy needs Ukrainian raw materials and agricultural products, i.e. Ukrainian exports have saved their raw materials and semi-raw materials orientation. In general, changes in terms of the interests of the national economy can be considered as negative. This is one of the evidences of noncompetitiveness of the Ukrainian processing, light and food industries. It is argued that the structure of imports of Ukrainian goods is asymmetric to exports. The main components of imports are high-tech products (electrical machinery and equipment, nuclear reactors, cars and vehicles, devices and optical devices), fuel and energy products, chemical products, pharmaceuticals, which is one of the indirect proofs of the orientation of Ukraine’s economy towards consumption. It should be noted that changes in the import’s goods structure took place under the influence of liberalization of tariff regulation of foreign trade in Ukraine under the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union and under the influence of events in the east. Analysis of exports and imports of goods in Ukraine has shown that the current structure of production preserves the export orientation of the national economy and its raw material specialization, and this increases the dependence of the Ukrainian economy on market fluctuations in international markets.

The article defines the principles of structural regulation of the national economy in the near future in the form of restructuring. The tasks of structural policy actors at the micro-, macro- and meso- levels are considered. According to the results of structural and temporal analysis conducted in the previous works of the author, four target areas are identified: general indicators, sectoral development and development of productive forces, export-import of goods and services, wages and international labor migration. The formed goals are generalized in the form of three dominants of development: focus on economic growth, stabilization of structural, spatial and temporal development, equalization of levels of development. It was noted that in the short term and medium term, Ukraine should benefit from its competitive advantages and, above all, develop industries in which it already has some achievements and can successfully compete in the domestic and global markets. These are primarily agriculture and the processing industry, light and furniture industries, information technology and the production and sale of weapons. It is proposed to develop and implement targeted comprehensive programs, similar to those implemented for regional structural development of the community in European Union (EU) member states: national programs, namely, «Intellectual Development», «Infrastructure and Environment», support of regions, «Development of knowledge education»; a number of regional programs ‒ support for research, entrepreneurship, activities related to road and railway infrastructure, municipal government, revitalization, health care infrastructure and social services, etc. To implement programs and goals, it is proposed to use the tools of «soft» and «hard» influence.