The paper is devoted to summarizing the experience of forming sources of funding in emerging markets and analyzing the efficiency of capital use using the example of agricultural enterprises in the South of Russia. The literature review covers studies revealing the determinants of the formation of sources of capital funding in both developed and emerging markets. It is noted that the features of the establishment of business structures and the country’s financial system are factors in the choice of hierarchy theory by the management of companies in the formation of capital structure. A study of the impact of the weighted average cost of capital on return on assets was carried out using the example of agricultural enterprises in the South of Russia. The obtained results confirm the developed hypotheses about the negative impact of an increase in the volume of debt financing of agribusiness organizations on the return on assets, as well as about the choice of a conservative agricultural policy by agricultural organizations in forming funding sources. These results are close to the results of applied research on the formation of capital structure in other sectors of the Russian economy.
Ключевые слова: финансовый рынок, финансовая устойчивость, когнитивная карта, импульсное моделирование Аннотация Предмет. Когнитивное моделирование устойчивости финансового рынка России. Цели. Составление когнитивной карты финансового рынка России, импульсное моделирование изменений его сегментов для поиска основных факторов стабильности национального финансового рынка. Методология. Когнитивные методы исследования: когнитивный анализ и когнитивное моделирование. Результаты. Через импульсное моделирование изменения ставок денежного рынка установлено наличие существенной связи между ликвидностью на рынке и его устойчивостью. Импульсное моделирование относительно курса национальной валюты демонстрирует, что положительный вектор динамики валютного курса рубля является сигналом к хранению свободных ресурсов в рублевых активах, то есть притоку капитала на отечественный рынок. Несмотря на санкционные ограничения сохраняется зависимость отечественного рынка от международных. Область применения. При формировании финансовой и денежно-кредитной политики страны. Выводы. Достижение устойчивости на финансовом рынке требует постоянного внимания со стороны регулятора, контроля за ликвидностью на рынке, стабильности и предсказуемости курса национальной валюты. Приоритетным направлением развития финансовой политики государства в ближайшее время должно стать налаживание отношений с ведущими игроками на мировых финансовых рынках и международными финансовыми институтами.
The article provides a review of approaches to assessing and analyzing the effectiveness of the interest rate and exchange rate policy of the Bank of Russia in the period 2015-2019. Despite the decrease in the rate of price growth, inflationary expectations of economic agents remain at a high level. Monetary policy continues to be tight. The stability of the exchange rate to external shocks, expected from the introduction of inflation targeting and a free floating rate, did not happen. The complex of conditions that have developed due to geopolitical factors, low growth rates and the global economic crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic require the search for new targets, such as economic growth and exchange rate stability. To maintain the stability of the ruble exchange rate, it is recommended to sell foreign exchange reserves accumulated according to the "Budget rule" in an equivalent amount; to support the liquidity of banks during periods of an attack on the ruble, it should through foreign exchange REPO, and develop a derivatives market.
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