The paper is devoted to the development of criteria for the implementation of the principles of “green” and sustainable development of road and transport infrastructure of the cities of Ukraine on the basis of world experience, as well as own research. It is established that the world experience offers a number of systems for assessing environmental friendliness and sustainability of the development of transport infrastructure, which cannot be applied unambiguously and without adaptation in the cities of Ukraine. Therefore, environmentally significant criteria for assessing compliance with the requirements of “green” standards for the development of the city’s transport infrastructure in the context of assessing its life cycle stages, which in the future will help the environmentally balanced development of the city’s transport system were developed and proposed in the paper. As an example of the practical application of the criteria for “green” construction and assessment of environmental sustainability for the development of the road network, a mechanism was developed and proposed to assess the environmental efficiency of the development of the urban bicycle transport network based on estimates of reduced fuel consumption, pollutant emissions and noise levels by replacing motor work with cycling.