Dental caries still have a high prevalence in Romania. The aim of this paper is to determine the prevalence of caries in children (aged 6 to 8 years) correlated with individual-level predictors and socio-economic variables. A stratified, randomized nationally representative sample was established, taking into consideration the total number of preschool children and based on administrative units and residence. Self-assessment was performed by means of the Oral Health Questionnaire for Children (WHO). Examinations were conducted by 10 standardized examiners, with International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) caries codes higher than 3 considered as dentinal caries, missing teeth as MT, and restorations as FT. DMFT and SiC indexes were calculated accordingly. The dataset for each outcome variable was analyzed by the Hurdle approach analyzed. The gender distribution was similar (47.22% male and 52.78% female), with 42.65% residing in rural areas. The mean DMFT value for the sample was 4.89 and SiC index 9.83. A negative association could be seen between DMFT and the father’s level of education (β = −0.33, SE = 0.07, p < 0.01) as well as the mother’s education (β = −0.25, SE = 0.07, p < 0.01). In conclusion, caries prevalence is very high in Romania as compared to the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation for this age group in correlation with socio-economic factors and oral health behavior.

Oral health-related behaviors and living conditions play an important role in general and oral health. This study aimed to evaluate caries prevalence and severity in schoolchildren residing in rural and urban areas of Romania, and to correlate these with oral health-related behaviors. An estimation of the required sample size was conducted (sampling error of ±3% at a 95% confidence level), followed by the stratification of administrative units and then the selection of 49 schools. The Hurdle approach was used to analyze the dataset, requiring two sets of analyses for each outcome variable: a multilevel binary model to predict prevalence, and a multilevel Poisson analysis using only non-zero values. The mean and standard deviation (SD) for the dentinal caries index was 4.96 (5.33). Girls were more likely to have non-zero restoration codes (β = 0.14, SE = 0.08, p < 0.05). Low education levels of each parent were associated with an increased likelihood of having non-zero carious tooth surfaces (β = 0.23, SE = 0.06, p = 0.01; β = 0.22, SE = 0.06, p < 0.01). The presence of cavities was predicted by the consumption of carbonated soft drinks (β = 0.19, SE = 0.07, p < 0.01), candies (β = 0.13, SE = 0.06, p < 0.01), sweetened milk (β = 0.12, SE = 0.06, p < 0.05), tea (β = 0.16, SE =0.08, p < 0.05), or cocoa (β = 0.13, SE = 0.06, p < 0.05). Furthermore, the non-zero values of the dentinal caries index were more likely in rural schools (β =−0.37, SE = 0.11, p < 0.01), and a negative association between the county development index and the fillings/restorations index (β = −0.01, SE = 0.01, p < 0.05) was also established. The outcome of this research highlights that the presence of caries (dentinal caries index) in Romanian schoolchildren is influenced by their socioeconomic background, as well as their specific consumption behaviors.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of two intraoral scanners used in the dental office. A molar fixed in a typodont was prepared for a ceramic onlay. The preparation was scanned using a high-resolution scanner (reference scanner) and saved as stereolithography (STL) format. The prepared resin molar was scanned again using the intraoral scanners, and all the scans were saved as well in STL format. All STL files were compared using metrology software (Geomagic Control X). Overlapping the meshes allowed the assessment of the scans in terms of trueness and precision. Based on the results of this study, the differences of trueness and precision between the intraoral scanners were minimal.

Purpose of the articleto carry out an epidemiological study on the use of sealing as a method of preventing dental caries and to assess the tightness and integrity over time of composite resins used to seal pits and fissures using the VistaCam iX intraoral fluorescence camera. Based on the premise that dentists do not have enough confidence in sealing pits and fissures as a method of preventing dental caries, we assessed if sealing is used in current practice as a prevention metod of tooth decay, and we measured, with high performance intraoral camera such as the VistaCam iX device, the tightness and integrity of composite resin seals.

Ozone is an allotropic form of oxygen, so in the medical field ozone therapy has special effects. Starting from the premise that bio-oxidative ozone therapy reduces the number of bacteria, in the present study two approaches were proposed: to evaluate the biological effects of ozone gas on the tooth enamel remineralization process and to demonstrate its impact on the morphology and confluence of human primary gingival cells, namely keratinocytes (PGK) and fibroblasts (HGF). The ozone produced by HealOzone was applied in vivo to 68 M1s (first permanent molars), both maxillary and mandibular, on the occlusal surfaces at pit and fissure. The molars included in the study recorded values between 13 and 24 according to the DIAGNOdent Pen 2190 scale, this being the main inclusion/exclusion criterion for the investigated molars. Because the gas can make contact with primary gingival cells during the ozonation process, both human gingival fibroblasts and keratinocytes were exposed to different doses of ozone (20 s, 40 s, 60 s), and its effects were observed with the Olympus IX73 inverted microscope. The contact of ozone with the human primary gingival cells demonstrates cell sensitivity to the action of ozone, this being higher in fibroblasts compared to keratinocytes, but it is not considered toxic because all the changes are reversible at 48 h after exposure.