No abstract

Küçük işletmelerin büyümesi ve rekabetçi olabilmeleri için kurumsallaşma sürecinin artıları ve eksileri en iyi şekilde değerlendirilmeli ve bu durumlar göz önüne alınarak hareket edilmelidir. Bu çalışmada literatürde daha önce yapılan çalışmalara değinilmiştir. Mikro, küçük ve orta büyüklükteki işletme ve kurumsallaşma kavramları detaylı bir şekilde anlatılmıştır. Kurumsallaşma yolunda atılacak adımlar sunulmuştur. Türkiye’deki firmalar ve inşaat sektörü farklı kriterlerde kıyaslanıp sektörün yeri hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Kurumsallaşmayla alakalı daha önceden yapılmış olan çalışmalardaki kriterler ve sektörde ihtiyaç duyulduğu düşünülen kriterler eklenip bir anket formu oluşturulmuştur. Ve bu anket inşaat sektöründe faaliyet gösteren 31 firma açısından 5’li Likert ölçeğine göre değerlendirilmiş olup verileri SPSS programında basit doğrusal regresyon analizi yöntemiyle işlenip sonuçları hakkında yorumlar yapılmıştır. Çalışmada amaç kurumsallaşmanın küçük işletmeler için birçok yönüyle ele alınması ve bu sürece girecek olan küçük işletmeler için yol gösterici olmasıdır.

UAVs performance is improved, in addition to GPS, they can find routes with artificial intelligence and various techniques, and can fly autonomously. The global UAV market was US$ 25.59 billion in 2018. It is estimated that the market will reach US$70.28 billion by 2029. The first three UAV manufacturers were DCL (USA), Parrot (France) and Yuneec (PRC) and are now being produced in many countries. Aircrafts are exposed to various risks: an aerodynamic stall due to inconsistent sensor readings and inadequate response, hitting a flock of geese or flying objects, pilot being unable to prevent the plane repeatedly nosediving despite following procedures. Therefore, procedures issued by aviation agency for aircraft type certification require an aircraft manufacturer (“applicant”) to demonstrate that its design complies with all applicable agency’s regulations and requirements. Safety risk management is a key component of a safety management system and involves fundamental activities such as identifying safety hazards, and assessing the risks and mitigation. Risk management is an integral component of safety management and involves some essential steps.Take into account any current mitigation measures and assess the seriousness in terms of the worst possible realistic scenario. The risk assessment considered five operational environments; remote, rural, suburban, urban, and congested. Reliability, availability, maintainability, and safety assessment are important study in the development of UAVs. This kind of study is mandatory to increase the reliability of the UAV, its availability, and to reduce repair and maintenance costs.

Blood transfusion is needed due to operations, diseases or accidents. Millions of people's health depends on the success of their blood transfusion. Planning and management is required to supply blood, test against diseases, produce blood products, store t hem and transport them to hospitals. A blood supply chain network design such as Blood Donation Centers (CBM), Regional Blood Centers (RBC), Destruction Centers (DM), and hospitals are addressed. To formulate the problem, the General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS) software was applied to the Mixed Integer Model. When the number of RBC in Marmara region decreased from 3 to 2, opening and transportation costs increased to $5.37 million. When the number of RBCs increased from 3 to 4, opening and transportation costs decreased to $3.94 million.

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