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Purpose The purpose of this study was to verify the effectiveness of eccentric stretching exercise with weight bearing compared with self-stretching exercise on ankle joint ROM, calf muscle strength and investigate effect of angular velocity for gastrocnemius and soleus muscle. Methods 30 female who were 20's were participated this study. We randomized divided subjects into three groups, self-stretching exercise group(SSE), slow eccentric stretching with weight-bearing exercise group(SEC), fast eccentric stretching with weight bearing exercise group(FEC). SSE group performed ankle dorsi and plantar flexion in the long sitting position themselves. SEC group and FEC group performed ankle dorsi and plantar flexion in standing position on edge of stair with arm support. Participants performed 10 minutes a day and five times with resting time between sets a week for three weeks. Data was collected pre and post measurement of range of motion and strength with 60˚/sec using by the Bio-Dex. We performed paired t-test and ANCOVA using by SPSS statistical program. Results The results of this study was that all of three groups showed significantly increasing of R.O.M. SEC, FEC group showed significantly increasing of plantar flexion strength, all of three group showed no significantly increasing of dorsiflexion strength. There was no significantly difference among three groups. Conclusion We suggest that SEC, FEC was more effective method increasing of R.O.M and strengthening of plantar flexor. For the increasing ankle range of motion, we recommend SEC as well the enhancement of strength and R.O.M more easily in home or hospital.

Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify the prevalence, risk factors, characteristics, and interventions of hip joint problems in children with cerebral palsy, and to be able to serve as leverage for early detection, prevention, and function recovery. Method The electronic journal site was searched by the search terms "cerebral palsy", "hip joint", "hip joint dislocation", we analyzed and descript the cited articles from domestic and foreign papers in Pubmed 9, Science Direct 7, and K RISS analysis and analysis. Results Children with cerebral palsy showed the different prevalence according to their disability type, severity, and functional level, and we knew that abnormal neuromuscular control, stiffness, and biomechanical changes could be risk factors. Migration Index, Acetabolum Index, Neck shaft angle using by radiography and passive ROM test, special tests were available for the diagnosis and evaluation of the hip joint. Combination of physical therapy and orthopedic surgery was very important intervention, and complementary alternative therapy, orthosis, and postural assistant are effective. Conclusion We suggested that early detection and prevention is the most important periodic examination and that a multidisciplinary approach is a major factor in intervention.

Purpose This study was to find out proper concept and intervention to treat in physical therapist' s perspective according to recognize the changing definition of cerebral palsy, and to investigate the several classification and intervention for children with cerebral palsy. Methods The electronic journal site was searched by terms "cerebral palsy", "intervention", physical therapy". We analyzed and descript the total 24 cited articles from 9 articles in Science Direct, and 16 articles in K-RISS from 20 Oct. 2018 to 7 Jan. 2019. Results Later definition of cerebral palsy emphasized secondary musculoskeletal problem over time in children with cerebral palsy. In early definition emphasized person's function or neurological disability. Prevalence rate of cerebral palsy were 6~8% from perinatal asphyxia, the overall prevalence of cerebral palsy has remained constant in recent years despite increased survival of at-risk preterm infants. Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) has been widely employed internationally to group individuals with cerebral palsy into one of five levels based on functional mobility or activity limitation. The treatment must be goal oriented, such as to assist with mobility, reduce or prevent contractures, improve positioning and hygiene, and provided comfort. Each member of the child's multidisciplinary team, including the child and both parents, should participate in the serial evaluation and treatment planning. Conclusion We found that the definition of cerebral palsy is changing to focus on secondary problem over time and the children with cerebral palsy is best cared for with an individualized treatment plan that provides a combination of interventions.

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