Agriculture mostly depends on weather and climate for optimum productivity. Climate change has become a global threat to agriculture and humanity. To cope with these changes, farmers employ adaptation strategies. This paper evaluates the Extension Service Delivery for Climate Change Adaptation by Crop Farmers in Niger State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was used to randomly select 162 respondents. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Likert-scale. The results showed that respondents were mostly (81.13%) male, between 31 and 45 years of age (42.14%). They had one form of formal education (52%) or the other; 74.21% had extension contact; without access to credit. Extension services used for technological transfer were extension meetings, method demonstration, result demonstration and mass media. These extension services

The study examined the benefits of adoption of improved rice technologies among smallscale rice farmers in Kogi State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to; describe the socioeconomic characteristics of the rice farmers, assessed farmers' level of adoption of improved rice technologies, identify the rice farmers' sources of agricultural information and source of information preferred, identify the benefits derived from adoption and identify the constraints to rice production in the area. Primary and secondary data were used for the study. Data were collected using structured questionnaire from 212 rice farmers. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results show that 59.9% of the respondents were male, and within the ages of 40 -49 years. The majority (58.0%) of the respondents were married and 60.8% of the farmers depend on extension agents for agricultural information. The improved technologies disseminated; rice production facilities, rice farming inputs, field preparation were adopted with adoption index of 0.70, 0.71 and 0.77 respectively indicating high adoption level, while processing technologies had low adoption level with adoption index of 0.37. Increased output (98.6%), acquisition of skills (91.5%), increase in income (85.5%) and expansion of farm land (72.2%) were the major benefits derived by the farmers from adoption of the technologies. The study concluded that the major benefits derived from adoption of the technologies were increased farm size, increased output and

This study assessed the constraints to catfish production in Kogi state, Nigeria. The data collected were analyzed using frequency counts and exploratory factor analysis with varimax rotation method. Results show that 76.0% of the respondents were male with a mean age of 46 years and mostly educated, but little (5 years) of experience in catfish production. Three factors were extracted and the factor analysis indicate that the major problems confronting catfish production in the area are rooted in economic and climatic challenges. The challenges of finance, input costs and other economic factors faced by catfish farmers in Kogi state appear to be similar to those found elsewhere. Away from economic issues however, climatic factor and operational constraints exhibit some variations in presentations and seriousness. For instance, climatic issues appear to be priority issues in the area. Scarcity of viable fingerlings is also another issue that requires serious attention. Credit facilities at low rates or grants, should be made available to catfish farmers to enable them address input challenges. Also, research into local feeds and monitoring of local feed production will improve their qualities and minimize feed importation and its attendant high cost. Again, government support through capacity development, motivation and monitoring of extension personnel will assist in training the catfish farmers on climate change mitigating strategies. Finally, infrastructural development is canvassed in addition to availability of skilled manpower to encourage the establishment of certified hatcheries, aid in transportation and storage of output.

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Submission of an original paper with copyright agreement and authorship responsibility.I (corresponding author) certify that I have participated sufficiently in the conception and design of this work and the analysis of the data (wherever applicable), as well as the writing of the manuscript, to take public responsibility for it. I believe the manuscript represents valid work. I have reviewed the final version of the manuscript and approve it for publication. Neither has the manuscript nor one with substantially similar content under my authorship been published nor is being considered for publication elsewhere, except as described in an attachment. Furthermore I attest that I shall produce the data upon which the manuscript is based for examination by the editors or their assignees, if requested.Thanking you.