The aim: of this work was to experimentally study the modifying role of toxic substances (phenol) in the manifestation of genotoxic and immunological changes in the body when exposed to a carcinogen (benzo[a]pyrene). Materials and methods: Investigations were carried out in the chronic experiment on white random-bred male mice. Genotoxic (micronucleus test), immunologic and pathomorphological methods were used. Results: As a result of the experiment on white outbred mice during the isolated peroral administration of benzo[a]pyrene (a single dose of 0.1 mg) and in combination with phenol (single doses of 0.1 mg; 0.002 mg) a carcinogenic effect (forestomach papillomas) has been established as well as general patterns of the manifestation of genotoxic and immunological changes regarding carcinogenesis and their dependence on the dose and duration of the administration of the substances in the early stages of the experiment. The established patterns involved parallelism of development and unidirectionality of the genotoxic effect (increasing of micronucleus incidence) and suppression of the T-cell immunity by the end of the month as well as reliable negative correlation between them. Conclusions: It has been established that phenol has a modifying effect on carcinogenesis, which was shown as an increase in the micronuclei frequency, intensification of immunosuppression in the early stages and an increase in the multiplicity factor of the development of forestomach tumors.

The aim of the work was assessment of the criterial significance of the complex of early immunological reactions of the organism, pathomorphological and genotoxic changes in the organs for the acceleration of testing and hygienic assessment of carcinogenic danger of chemical substances. Materials and methods: Investigations were carried out in the chronic experiment on white random-bred male mice and included 2 series of the investigations: 1 – application of benz(a)pyrene on skin in different doses (10.5μg; 2.1μg; 0.21μg); 2 - peroral administration of benz(a)pyrene and phenol (single dose - 0.1 mg). Genotoxic changes in skin and forestomach were assessed with the help of micronuclear test. Results: Under carcinogen exposure, regardless of routes of administration we determined an increase frequency of the cells with micronuclei and suppression of T-link of immune system during the first month which were characterized by a parallelism of development, unidirectional relative to carcinogenesis and presence of reliable reverse correlative connection between them. In the period between the 1t and the 3d months we observed a stabilization of the number of cells with micronuclei and deepening of immunosuppression at the expense of the suppression of humoral chain of the immunity. Conclusions: The obtained data became a basis for the development of methodic scheme of accelerated testing of the chemical substances under investigations for carcinogenicity and hygienic setting of genotoxic carcinogens.

In the modern world in different spheres of life, people experience a load of the complex of numerous chemical compounds of different types, which have a wide range of biological effects - from toxic ones to mutagenic and carcinogenic. For instance, people suffer from the growth of cancer, which is one of the direct consequences of the impact of environmental pollution by chemical compounds. It has now been proved that the development of cancer is determined not only by the initiating effect of chemical carcinogens, but also by the modifying effect of the concomitant toxic compounds. The aim of this work was experimental study of the role of toxic substances (phenol) in the modification of the evidence of genotoxic and immunological changes in organism in the early stages of carcinogenic activity (benzo[a]pyrene).The studies were conducted with random-bred white male mice. Peroral administration was applied to animals taken benzo[a]pyrene (day-dose 0.1mg), benzo[a]pyrene - phenol (day-dose 0.1; 0.002 mg). Genotoxic changes in forestomach were assessed with the help of micronuclear test. The carcinogenic effect (forestomach papillomas) and common regularities of genotoxical and immunological changes in relation to carcinogenesis and their dose and treatment duration dependence under benzo[a]pyrene (day-dose 0,1mg), benzo[a]pyrene and phenol (day-dose 0,1; 0,002 mg) complexes oral administration in random-bred white mice were established. The noted regularities conducted in interrelation and identical directivity of mutagenic (increasing of micronucleus incidence) and immunological (reducing the relative number of T-lymphocytes) indexes changes in relation to carcinogenesis, presence of reliable cross-correlation connections between them in the end of the first months. Besides, the modifying effect of phenol on the carcinogenesis that appeared by increasing of micronucleus incidence, immunosuppression and index of forestomach papillomas multiplicity was determined. The findings detect the presence of cancer risk from the action of carcinogenic and toxic substances, the formation of which begins in the early period (at the end of the first month) and manifests itself as a genotoxic effect in combination with immunosuppression, which must be taken into account in the hygienic assessment of the state of the environment. Citation Format: Olga Ostash, Igor Chernichenko, Nina Balenko, Elena Vinarska, Lyudmila Grigorenko, Svetlana Lukyanchuk, Oksana Shvager. Phenol modifying influence on genotoxic effect in organism during peroral combined administration with benzo[a]pyrene [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3090.

Poultry farming, providing replenishment of the food basket with high-quality and inexpensive products, plays an important role in the formation of food security in Russia. Veterinary and sanitary examination of poultry products in the context of the ecological component of the safety of agricultural raw materials is an important and timely task within the framework of government documents of the Russian Federation in the field of health protection of the country's population. According to the results of the physical, chemical and microbiological tests of chilled broiler chicken carcasses of the 1st grade of the Ural processors («Ravis – Sosnovskaya poultry farm», «Argayashskaya poultry farm», «Nagaybak poultry complex»), the raw materials were recognized as fresh, in terms of the amount of pesticides, antibiotics and heavy metals – safe. The content of protein, fat and moisture in all studied samples corresponded to the average values. A detailed study of the mineral composition revealed negative deviations in the amount of Fe and Se in all carcass samples. The products of the Argayash poultry farm against the background of analogous samples contained less fat and moisture with identical protein values, occupied an intermediate position in the amount of essential elements – Ca, Fe, Na, P, Zn, was distinguished by the absence of minerals that increase the toxic load on the human body – Ni, Ti , Ba, Ga, Li, which formed its competitive advantages.