Background and Study Aim. It is believed that the somatotype is a predictor of indicators of functional readiness. There are significant differences in the aerobic performance of the body for people of different somatotypes among students girls and men. Features of manifestation of anaerobic possibilities of an organism at persons of various somatotypes from 7 to 30 years old are described. We can assume that women of the first adulthood period of different somatotypes, indicators of functional readiness are manifested in different ways. The aim of the study was to identify the features of aerobic, anaerobic lactate and anaerobic alactate productivity of women of the first period of mature age of different somatotypes. Material and Methods. The study involved 210 females 25-35 years old. Somatotype was determined in all subjects. Functional readiness was determined by indicators of anaerobic lactatic productivity, anaerobic alactatic productivity and aerobic productivity of the organism. The power of aerobic energy supply processes was investigated by VO2max. To determine the VO2max used cycling ergometric version of the PWC 170 test. The subjects was performed a stepwise increasing load on the ergometer to determine the TAM. At the end of each stage, heart rate was recorded. The TAM level corresponded to the inflection point on the heart rate growth chart. The capacity of anaerobic lactate processes of energy supply was investigated by indicator of the maximum quantity of mechanical work for 1 minute (MQMK). The subjects performed a bicycle ergometric load duration 1 min with a power of 225 W with a maximum pedaling frequency. The power of anaerobic lactate processes of energy supply was determined by the Wingate anaerobic test WAnT 30. The power of anaerobic alactate processes of energy supply was determined by the test WAnT 10. Statistical processing was performed using the program STATISTICA 13. Results. According to absolute indicators (WAnT10. WAnT30. MQMK, TAM, VO2max) the advantage of representatives of endomorphic-mesomorphic somatotype was established. According to relative indicators of aerobic productivity (TAM, VO2max) representatives of the ectomorphic and balanced somatotype predominate. Conclusions. High values of absolute indicators of functional readiness are associated with high values ​​of body mass in combination with a high percentage of muscle for women of different somatotypes.  Accordingly, for representatives of somatotypes with lower body mass are characterized by lower absolute values ​​of all indicators of functional fitness. The relative indicators of aerobic productivity are dominated by representatives of somatotypes, which are characterized by lower body mass.

Актуальність теми дослідження. Cycle є аеробним видом спорту, оскільки сприяє зміцненню серцево-судинної системи, розвитку м’язової системи, підвищує рівень загальної та спеціальної витривалості та дозволяє корегувати вагові показники. Незважаючи на вдосконалення сучасних фітнес-технологій і велику кількість розроблених фітнес-програм, більшість з них не засновані на глибокому розумінні функціональних механізмів тренування жінок репродуктивного вікового періоду, і не враховують проблем індивідуалізації з метою оптимізації її ефективності. Мета й методи дослідження. Мета роботи полягає в розробці методики занять Cycle та визначенні ефективності їх впливу на показники фізичного стану жінок молодого віку. Контингент дослідження складали жінки молодого віку, які займалися у Херсонському фітнес-клубі «Hammer». Були застосовані такі методи дослідження: методи педагогічного тестування для оцінки рівня фізичної підготовленості, медико-біологічні методи для оцінки функціонального стану серцево-судинної та дихальної систем; педагогічний експеримент, спрямований на впровадження методики використання тренувальних занять Cycle для покращення показників функціональної та фізичної підготовленості жінок молодого віку, методи математичної статистики. Результати роботи та ключові висновки. За рахунок використання занять Cycle за всіма тестами відбулись позитивні зрушення від 11,3 до 39,6 %. Встановлено, що розходження між вихідними та кінцевими результатами за чотирма досліджуваними тестовими завданнями виявилися достовірними (два з фізичної підготовленості – рівномірний біг на 2000 м, згинання та розгинання рук в упорі лежачи, та два з функціонального стану – Індекс проби Руф’є, Індекс гарвардського степ-тесту) (р < 0,05, р < 0,01). Це підтверджує думку про цілеспрямований вплив фітнес-тренувань з використанням спеціалізованого обладнання Cycle на механізми функціональної адаптації до тривалих фізичних навантажень.

Health-improving running loads are an effective means of improving the functions of the cardiovascular system. The study of the adaptive reactions of the cardiovascular system in women of different somatotypes under the influence of health- improving running classes allows to reveal the dynamics of the main indicators that determine the physical health of a person and to establish their somatotypological features. 80 women in the the first period of mature age (25-35 years old), who had not played sports before, took part in the study. Training sessions according to the health-improving running program were held 3 times a week. The basis of the program was running loads in the aerobic mode of energy supply, which were performed in a uniform continuous method. Dosing of running loads was carried out according to energy consumption. Heart rate was measured in a state of relative muscle rest. Blood pressure after dosed loads of different power was measured during the PWC170 test. In women aged 25-35, exercise to the health-improving running program caused a 2.2% decrease in heart rate at rest and a 2.1% decrease in systolic blood pressure after a dosed cycle ergometric exercise with a power of 1 W·kg. Among women of different somatotypes, a probable decrease in heart rate was found in representatives of the endomorphic somatotype. It has been established that health-improving running classes causes positive changes in the function of the cardiovascular system in women aged 25-35. Women of different somatotypes have different adaptive reactions of the cardiovascular system to health-improving running classes. Statistically confirmed changes were found only in representatives of the endomorphic somatotype.

The article presents a program of training sessions that combines different areas of fitness. The influence of classes on the program on the indicators of physical readiness of women of the first period of adulthood has been established. The aim of the study was to identify the features of the impact of fitness classes on the indicators of physical readiness of women 25-35 years of different somatotypes. The study involved 86 women. Fitness classes were held 3 times a week. The experimental part of the study lasted 24 weeks. Somatotype was determined by the Heath-Carter method. All subjects were conditionally divided into groups on the basis of somatotype. Physical readiness was determined by special tests. In the group of women of different somatotypes, there was an increase in strength abilities as well as speed endurance, agility and flexibility. The women of ectomorphic somatotypes have increased strength and speed endurance; in representatives of endomorphic somatotype – speed endurance and some indicators of strength abilities; in representatives of endomorphic-mesomorphic and balanced somatotypes – agility and some indicators of strength abilities. In women aged 25-35, fitness classes have led to an increase in strength, speed endurance, agility and flexibility. Appropriate changes should be made to the program to achieve the effect of increasing endurance. Fitness classes caused different adaptive reactions in women 25-35 years of age of different somatotypes.

It has been proven that individuals of different somatotypes differ in the level of development of indicators of functional fitness. Significant differences in adaptive reactions of the body in individuals of different somatotypes to physical exertion were revealed. In our opinion, taking into account morphological features when conducting and planning physical culture and health classes is a reserve for increasing their effectiveness. The development of conceptual models of physical culture and health classes is designed to combine key theoretical and methodological provisions that will be used when programming classes. The following methods were used to develop a conceptual model of physical culture and health classes with aquafitness: theoretical analysis, synthesis and generalization of data from scientific and methodological literature, modeling. The development of the conceptual model was carried out by combining key theoretical provisions, generated by leading scientists with the data of scientific and methodological literature and the results of their own experimental research. These provisions are systematized and combined into a conceptual model, which is inherently a system of views on theoretical and methodological foundations which are intended to provide the maximum wellness effect from their use. The conceptual model proposed by us is intended to underlie training programs, the ultimate goal of which is to increase adaptive mechanisms in women of the first period of mature age.