No abstract

The most important feature of adolescence is awareness of responsibility for the content of their lives before themselves and before other people. The psychological signs of a mature adult present a certain level of self-regulation, the specifics of experiencing ontological problems, the relation to the environment, the existence of a balance between the level of appetites and the satisfaction of their achievements. Overcoming the age limits of youth, the individual experiences differently. Some consider this stage of life as a new opportunity to realize their potential, others feel dissatisfied, internal embarrassment and anxiety. A man’s view of his mature adult may be due to the economic conditions of life, social circumstances and peculiarities of the time in which he lives. Many adults begin to feel that it is difficult for them to dispose of their own lives. In a situation of psychological deprivation, an adult is worried and confused about whether she really understood and realized the true purpose of her life. That is why it is important to notice in time and respond to emotional violations of the ontological direction. In our study, we aimed to analyze the empirical indicators of adult anxiety and test the means of correctional influence in the perspective of bodily oriented psychotherapy (TOP), which indicates the path to effective problem-solving without time and cognitive resources. The main task of our corrective work with the researchers was to intensify the manifestation of positive emotions through the removal of bodily and psychological clamps; personal anxiety was regulated by promoting physical and psychological liberation; extending the range of emotions in interaction with the outside world. In addition, we have induced participants of the TOP to form new, more effective patterns of motion; learning self-regulation skills and ability to realize stress through situations of stress. The correctional program had a positive effect on the emotional state of the participants in the experiment. In particular, it proved to be effective for dealing with reactive (situational) anxiety.

The purpose of the article is to conduct the empirical study of understanding contemporary poetry by future philologists, which helps us to distinguish psycholinguistic mechanisms of such understanding. The methods of the research. The research was carried out using a sample method (using a questionnaire developed by us (Mykhalchuk, Ivashkevych & Nabochuk, 2020). This questionnaire we use to assess the psychological specifics of understanding of contemporary poetry by future philologists. In order to establish the peculiarities of the content of the associative series of the word “poetry”, we organized an associative experiment. Also we used the method of annotated reading (Illyashenko, 1980). The application of this technique involved solving the following tasks: (1) to develop the criteria to understand poetry for students; (2) to determine the levels of understanding of future philologists of poetic texts. The results of the research. We single out some special psycholinguistic mechanisms of understanding of poetic texts by students-philologists, such as: (1). The mechanism of actualization of “emotions of form”. (2). The mechanism of harmonization of meaning. (3). The mechanism of amplification of poetry. (4). The mechanism of acquiring aesthetic experience. We proved, that the subject of understanding is an active communicative person with multifaceted personal qualities. The subjective component of understanding is specified in two main groups of factors: (1) the factor of the activity of the understanding the subject, generalized in target conditions of understanding; (2) the factor of individual-personal conditionality of understanding: the assessment by the subject of understanding of his/her own moral, volitional, emotional-communicative qualities, personal aggression, a tendency to reflection, etc. Conclusions. The success of improving readers’ perception and understanding of the poetry depends on the activation of the latter. Readers focus more on direct intentions than on their own feelings and ideas about poetry, although the latter determines their different perceptions. The development of the perception and understanding of the poetic form of the reader is due to the realization of the increasing complex of emotional connections of the semantic elements of the text, and emotionality is one of the main criteria for assessing poetry.