The research has been conducted to determine the safe residence time for people in a room where the composition of the gas environment has deteriorated due to fire. Carbon monoxide, which is produced by fire, has been found to be lethal for human life and health. Determination of safe time was made based on the study of the composition and amount of fire load in premises and buildings, physical and chemical properties of carbon monoxide, and its effect on the human body. The graphical dependences of the concentration of carbon monoxide in a room, as a function of time, were obtained for eight variants. The results allow authors to determine the possible residence time of a person in a building during a fire before the lethal concentration of carbon monoxide occurs. Studies made it possible to determine the safe residence time of people in a building on fire in a calculated way and to compare it with the normative indicators of the onset of lethal concentration of carbon monoxide in the air. The results obtained determine the safe time during which a person can escape from the building on fire.

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Experimental studies of fire-retardant efficacy of DSA for ash wood have been carried out. The dependence of fire-retardant efficiency on the mass of dry agent is obtained, which is important when treating ash wood with DSA. The influence of wood characteristics of different species on the effectiveness of fire-retardant impregnating agents on the example of ash and DSA has been studied. It is established that the standard method of research of fire protection efficiency using only pine cannot provide fair data on the effectiveness of the tool to other wood species. Yes, according to the instructions of the test agent, 3 applications are required, but for ash to achieve the first group of fire-retardant effectiveness required 6 applications. The obtained dependence of the weight loss of the treated wood sample on the amount of fire-retardant composition in standard tests provides the possibility of engineering, economic and other calculations when performing work on fire protection. The standard method of research of fire-retardant efficiency with use of pine exclusively is checked. It is determined that standard test methods cannot be objective when processing species other than pine. Especially useful for the study is the dependence of the weight loss of the treated wood sample on the amount of fire-retardant composition in standard tests, the influence of wood of different species on the effectiveness of fire-retardant impregnating agents such as ash and DSA. The standard method of research of fire-retardant efficiency with use of pine exclusively is checked. Can it be used in the case of ash wood processing. Thus, according to the instructions of the tested tool, 3 applications are required. Ash wood has a higher specific weight than pine, so to make a sufficient amount of active substance is a more difficult task.

The paper conducts research to determine and justify the total time of rescuing people in a fire in case of threat to their lives. It is established that the total time of rescuing people in a fire consists of the time before the report of the fire, the time of collection and departure of the unit, the time of departure and the time of operational deployment. Which in turn are determined depending on such indicators as the number of fire and rescue units and their location, their tactical capabilities and equipment of fire and rescue vehicles and fire equipment, population density, road coverage, terrain and operational and tactical characteristics of the area departure of the unit. Graphically shows the components of the total time of rescuing people in a fire, depending on these indicators. Also, a comparative analysis of the total time of rescuing people in a fire, taking into account the scheme number, period and place of use of the fire and rescue unit with the safe time of people in the room before the fatal concentration of carbon monoxide. The obtained results allow researchers to determine the total time of rescuing people in a fire with the appropriate adjustment of its components and the introduction of their relevant documentation. The paper also substantiates the choice of the scheme of operational deployment of the fire and rescue unit upon arrival at the scene of the fire.