Purpose. The purpose of the work is to establish the most effective method of creating an objective typification of sections of coal seam с10в of the “Dniprovska” mine of different thickness according to germanium concentrations, based on the analysis of the clustering results. Methodology. Typification procedure is the systematization of objects according to a priori given features. Cluster analysis, taxonomy, pattern recognition, and factor analysis are usually used for this purpose. To achieve the goal set in the work, in the process of research, clustering was carried out using various methods, which are implemented in the most popular professional statistical software platforms “STATISTICA” and “SPSS”; their analysis was performed and the choice of the most optimal of them was substantiated. Excel 2016, STATISTICA 13.3 and IBM SPSS Statistics 22 versions were used in the work. Results. The main results of the research consist in the selection of the optimal method of clustering of areas of different thickness of the coal seam. The analysis of the dendrogram of the results of clustering by the weighted centroid median method of the с10в seam sections by germanium content, unlike others, allows not only to achieve the most stable division of the entire set of sections under consideration, but also to maximize the visualization of their breakdown by classes at different scale levels in the absence of a priori hypotheses regarding the number clusters and their forms. At the same time, the structure of clusters is clearly distinguished, regardless of the scale level of their formation, and the sequence of combining individual deposits and their groups into the resulting cluster is clearly traced. These advantages make it possible to make maximum use of already existing information for the development of natural typifications of areas of the с10в coal seam by germanium content and to interpret the obtained results in geological terms. Scientific novelty. The scientific novelty of the results of the conducted research consists in the establishment of the weighted centroid median method of cluster analysis, which is implemented in the professional statistical software platforms “STATISTICA” and “SPSS” as the most optimal for the subjectivity-free researcher of the division of sections of the coal seam с10в of the “Dniprovska” mine by content germanium into taxa. Practical significance. The practical significance of the work results is that the constructed dendrograms of the clustering of deposits by germanium content can be used as a basis for the development of a natural typification of the coal seams of the Dniprovska mine for their subsequent geological and economic assessment. This, in turn, will make it possible to make maximum use of already available information and interpret the obtained results in geological and genetic concepts, which will provide the opportunity to use it for the comprehensive use of mineral raw materials and to solve strategic issues of sustainable development of Ukraine. Key words: germanium, cluster analysis, coal seam, taxa, clusters, weighted centroid method, dendrogram of clustering results.
The method of creating an objective (natural) typification of sections of the coal seam of the Dniprovska mine of different capacities according to germanium concentrations has been established and substantiated. The constructed dendrograms of clustering of coal seam areas by Ge content can be used as a basis for developing a natural typification of coal seams for geological and economic evaluation. This will make it possible to make maximum use of already available information and interpret the obtained results in geological and genetic concepts, which provides the possibility of its use for the complex use of mineral raw materials, solving strategic issues of sustainable development of Ukraine.
Purpose. The purpose of the work is to establish and analyze the relationship between germanium concentrations, toxic elements and the content of total sulfur in the coal seam c5в of the «Ternivska» mine field of the Pavlohrad-Petropavlivka area of Donbas. Methodology. The factual basis of the work was the results of germanium, beryllium, fluorine, mercury, arsenic and total sulfur analyzes in the coal seam c5в. The content of Ge, Be, and F was determined by quantitative emission spectral analysis, Hg and As by atomic absorption analysis. Using the STATISTICA 13.3 and IBM SPSS Statistics 22 programs, the values of the main descriptive statistical indicators were calculated. Correlation and regression analysis was carried out using the methods implemented in Micromine program and their analysis was carried out in geological concepts. Results. It is substantiated that the minimum contents of at least As, Hg, Ge and total sulfur in the coal seam c5в of the "Ternivska" mine were jointly accumulated at the syngenetic stage of its formation. The simultaneous increase in the content of Ge and Be in the area of their low and abnormally low concentrations is caused by the joint accumulation of these elements at the syngenetic stage of coal seam formation and their increase in the area of maximum contents is caused by the manifestation of the empirical regularity of the «Zilbermints law». It is proved that the distribution of the values of Ge content, toxic elements and total sulfur in the coal seam c5в of the «Ternivska» mine differ from the Gaussian-Laplace and lognormal distributions, in all cases the polymodality of the distribution is fixed and the kernel of the distribution density is shifted to the left. Scientific novelty of the results of the conducted research consists in establishing the non-compliance of the samples of all considered elements with the normal or lognormal distribution law, while in all cases the polymodality of the distribution of indicators is recorded, which is confirmed by analytical calculations of the correspondence of the empirical distributions of the studied parameters of the Gaussian distribution using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Shapiro-Uilk criteria, Lilliefors and Pearson's chi-squared agreement. It is proved that the forms of finding of the investigated elements in coal with their concentrations around Clark and in coal with increased contents differ significantly. The influence of syngenetic and epigenetic processes on the nature of the relationship between Ge concentrations, toxic elements and the content of total sulfur in the coal seam c5в of the «Ternivska» mine was revealed. Practical significance of the results of the work consists in establishing the presence of a very low correlation between the concentrations of Ge and toxic elements and total sulfur, therefore, the extraction of germanium from the coal seam will not be accompanied by their significant accumulation during technological processes. It has been proven that for a more realistic assessment of the central tendency of the content of Ge and toxic elements and total sulfur, instead of the values of the arithmetic mean, it is necessary to use the median values. Key words: germanium, beryllium, mercury, arsenic, total sulfur, coal seam, frequency histograms, regression analysis, correlation analysis, polymodality of distribution.
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