In Ukraine there is a tendency to increase the number of man-made emergencies, which directly affects the state of the environment and the population. Particularly dangerous situations are formed in case of disturbance of objects with high risk conditions, which include oil extraction enterprises. Observing the state of the environment and the operation of technological equipment at such enterprises, warning of the risk of emergencies that are hazardous to human health and the environment, are the basis and task of monitoring. The results of engineering and ecological analysis of the state of ecological and technogenic danger on the example of private joint-stock company «Kropyvnytskyi oil extraction plant» are presented in the work. The main probable factors of its formation at each technological stage of production are established. The sources of environmental and human hazards are technological equipment and materials. Pollutants of land, water and atmospheric air are dust of vegetable origin and meal, solvent of hexane and its vapors, carbon dioxide and washing solution - soda ash, etc. Expert evaluation of the main production operation - oil extraction was carried out in detail. The extraction process is the main production operation for both press oil and extraction oil, as well as cake and meal. The results of the study can be used to clarify the program of monitoring the sources of technogenic and environmental risk at high risk facilities, planning activities and means of improving the resilience of the enterprises of the industry, preventing emergencies and minimizing their consequences. Awareness enhances management efficiency and minimizes environmental and population risks.

For today the question of firmness of work of enterprises goes out into first place. Specific conditions that contributed to this situation is the weakening of state regulation of safety, a significant depreciation of fixed assets, and as a result - reducing emergency stability and more. Therefore, preventive measures to ensure the safety of emergency in enterprises to analyze and establish external and internal factors that lead to disaster, to plan measures to ensure the stability of. Each enterprise independently monitors the internal causes of the risk of emergencies, and external factors are not always known. In the presented work the analysis of information sources was carried out and data on external factors of occurrence of emergencies on the enterprises of Odessa region were generalized. Such factors, in most cases, are natural and man-made sources of emergencies. The purpose of the study is to analyze the changes in the natural and man-made environment in the Odessa region over the past 11 years. Object of research - identification of external sources of natural and man-made risk of emergencies in the enterprises of the Odessa region. On the basis of the statistical-analytical assessment of the data on the complex of risks and the general tendencies of their changes in the area of natural and technological safety in the territory of the Odessa region, a high probability of occurrence of emergencies is established. Among the dangerous natural processes and phenomena in the region, the following types of emergencies are possible: geological, hydrological, meteorological, natural fires and mass infections and illnesses of people, animals and plants), except for the eruption of volcanoes. They remain virtually unchanged and fairly high over the past 11 years. Dangerous factors of anthropogenic nature on the territory of the Odessa region are radiation, chemical, fire and explosive, transport and consequences of hydrodynamic accidents. It is established that from the combination of natural and man-made hazards, the risk for a person to suffer or perish from their joint action increases the sneers. According to the results of territorial monitoring of natural and man-made sources of emergencies, preventive measures have been proposed to reduce the risk of emergencies with large negative consequences for people, enterprises and the environment. The practical value of the data provided to enterprises - the use of planning measures to ensure the stability of their work.

The article focuses on the introduction of a risk-oriented approach to labor protection at the enterprises of the grain processing industry. Such an approach is imperative in modern conditions in accordance with the Concept of reforming the system of labor protection management. This will involve the introduction of the proactive principle of “preventive actions” (prevention of hazardous events and situations) instead of the existing reactive principle of “corrective actions” (response to hazardous events and situations). A risk-oriented approach to occupational safety and health is the basis for the formation of a new national system for prevention of the operational risks. In the grain process enterprises, which have agreed their policy on labor protection with international standards, there has been an increase and improvement of the responsibility and competency of the ordinary employees and managers in the safety field, the risk of on-the-job injury has decreased. Improvement of the system of labor protection and risk management at enterprises should be carried out according to State Standard (DSTU) ISO 31000:2018 “Risk Management. Guidelines (ISO 31000:2018, IDT))”. The purpose of the standard is to reduce operational risks to an acceptable level. The main stages of the risk management process are presented. Identification of hazards, risk assessment, definition of security measures is a constituent and integral part of such a system. This is necessary to identify and understand the dangers that may arise in the course of an enterprise's activity, to assess the risk arising from a particular hazard, and to take measures to reduce the probability of occurrence of hazards. At the enterprises of the grain process industry, the identification of hazards consists in the definition of all objects, situations or actions (or their combination) that are inherent in an enterprise's activities and present a potential threat to the health and life of workers. At the same time, the different types of works and situations are considered in order to identify the dangers that are constantly present in normal working conditions, as well as the hazards, the impact of which is possible in case of deviation from normal working conditions and emergencies. Examples of possible hazardous factors at such enterprises are given. The adequacy of the existing security measures, the need for heir improvement or the introduction of other security measures are determined based on the results of the risk assessment.