The ecological situation in most mining regions of Ukraine is critical, and the closure of unprofitable mining enterprises, mines and cuts creates the environmental problems associated with significant changes in the geological and hydrological environment. The purpose of the work is the environmental monitoring of heavy metals in the soils in the territory of Rozdil State Mining and Chemical Enterprise (SMCE) "Sirka" at the stage of liquidation.The object of the study involves the heavy metals in soils in the territory of Rozdil SMCE "Sirka". The subject of the study is to evaluate the content of heavy metals and migration aspects in soils. In this work, the parameters of soil pollution with heavy metals were determined experimentally. On the example of Rozdil SMCE "Sirka", the main problems of the monitoring system of the territory of the mining and chemical enterprise at the stage of liquidation were proven. The influence of the mining and chemical enterprise on the state of environmental pollution (soil, water environment, and waste management status) was also assessed. The ecological balance of the territory is violated due to the fact that the elimination of negative technical manifestations of the enterprise activity was considered unprofitable for a long time. The development of monitoring techniques for man-made landscapes, along with the development of methods for diagnosing the specifics of their functioning and technologies for reclamation, is an integral part of multidisciplinary research on environmental imbalances, which is caused by the transformation of natural landscapes into man-made. The necessity of developing the information-analytical system for the monitoring of the Rozdil State Mining and Chemical Enterprise (SMCE) "Sirka" territory at the stage of liquidation was substantiated. It was established that the monitoring of the territory of the mining and chemical enterprise at the stage of liquidation will allow increasing the level of environmental safety of the territory of the enterprise and the surrounding settlements. Monitoring is one of the main stages of the liquidation and reclamation process and should be carried out at all stages of liquidation. In addition to the monitoring system in the process of liquidation and in the post-reclamation period, the liquidation project should include an environmental analysis of the enterprise activities and environmental forecasting.

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The objective of this research is to improve water treatment use of the electric spark method. Studies on the treatment of multicomponent galvanic effluent by the electric spark method using metal loading (Fe, Al) and low-voltage (up to 1000 V) equipment have been carried out. The factors that have the largest influence on the degree of galvanic wastewaters purification are the conditions and parameters of the discharge pulse—an efficiency of approximately 0.8–0.85 has a specific energy, which at moderate concentrations of pollutants can be less than 65 kJ/dm3 (18 kWh/m3)—and the metal loading height. Other variable technological parameters can serve either as scaling tools or as methods for regulating the operation of electrical equipment. The research shows that the degree of purification depends on the specific energy and the height of the metal loading of the reactor, and it weakly depends on the pulse energy and the speed of its input. The concentrations of heavy metals (Zn2+, Cr6++Cr3+, Cu2+) in the treated water are significantly lower than their maximal permissible concentrations. The electric spark method allows us to achieve highly efficient results of wastewater treatment from heavy metals.

Виконано аналіз багаторічного розподілу стоку Південного Бугу у його нижній течії в зарегульованих та природних умовах. Доведено, що водність річки зменшується. Визначено сту-пінь зв'язку показників витрат води Південного Бугу з концентрацією у ній потенційно небезпеч-них речовин. Розраховано імовірність маловод-дя за місяцями року. Визначено господарський ризик для Южно-Українського атомного енер-гетичного комплексу за умов дотримання вста-новленого об'єму санітарного попуску у нижню течію річки Ключові слова: Південний Буг, прогнозування стоку, господарський ризик, екологічний стан, Южно-Український атомний енергокомплекс, статистичне середовище R Проведен анализ многолетнего распределе-ния стока Южного Буга в его нижнем тече-нии в зарегулированных и природных услови-ях. Доказано, что водность реки уменьшается. Определена степень взаимосвязи показате-лей расхода воды Южного Буга с концентра-цией в ней потенциально опасных веществ. Рассчитана вероятность маловодья по меся-цам года. Определен хозяйственный риск для Южно-Украинского атомного энергетическо-го комплекса при условии обеспечения утверж-денного объема санитарного попуска в нижнее течение реки Ключевые слова: Южный Буг, прогнозирова-ние стока, хозяйственный риск, экологическое состояние, Южно-Украинский атомный энер-гокомплекс, статистическая среда R

The performed studies allowed determining the peculiarities of heavy metals accumulation in the sediments, as well as the nature of their distribution in the hydroecosystem Southern Bug (Ukraine). Geochemical anomalies are formed in the zones of influence of industrial and urban agglomerations. Technogenic pollutions of bottom sediments with heavy metals affects the qualitative state of the water environment and can cause cumulative toxicosis on the hydrobiont population in the zones of geochemical anomalies formation, namely in the area of influence of the Nova Odessa and Mykolaiv cities. The mechanism of the cumulative toxicosis emergence is accompanied by chronic effects of low concentrations on hydrobionts with an excess of permissible fluctuations on a regional background, which ultimately contributes to the development of intoxication.