En este estudio se analiza la relación entre la resiliencia, el optimismo disposicional y las dimensiones que constituyen el burnout académico (agotamiento emocional, cinismo y baja eficacia). Para ello, se evaluó a una muestra formada por 463 estudiantes de la Universidad de León. Se emplearon los siguientes instrumentos: Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS), 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (10-item CD-RISC) y Life Orientation Test Revised (LOT-R). Los resultados revelan que el burnout académico se relaciona significativamente con la resiliencia y el optimismo. Concretamente, la resiliencia se relaciona positivamente con la eficacia mientras que el optimismo se relaciona positivamente con la eficacia pero negativamente con el agotamiento. Además, la resiliencia predice la eficacia mientras que el optimismo predice el agotamiento. Sin embargo, el cinismo no se relaciona ni con la resiliencia ni con el optimismo. Por último, se contemplan las implicaciones de los resultados obtenidos para el diseño de programas de prevención del burnout académico en estudiantes universitarios.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationships between coping (i.e., adaptive or maladaptive), academic engagement dimensions (i.e., vigor, dedication and absorption) and academic performance, as well as the mediating role of academic engagement dimensions in the relationship between coping and academic performance. Data were collected from a sample of 808 undergraduate students at a Spanish University. Participants completed the Coping Strategies Inventory (CSI) for the measurement of coping strategies and the Work Engagement Student Scale (UWES-SS) for the measurement of academic engagement. Academic performance was evaluated by the grade point average. Results showed that adaptive coping, academic engagement dimensions and academic performance were positively related. Maladaptive coping was negatively related to performance, but there were no significant correlations between maladaptive coping and any academic engagement dimension. Mediation analysis showed that engagement dimensions mediated the relationship between adaptive coping and performance. Adaptive coping increased academic vigor, dedication and absorption and these dimensions improved performance in turn. In conclusion, this study provides evidence of the way in which academic engagement mediates between adaptive coping and performance. In addition, maladaptive coping is directly, negatively related to performance. The theoretical interpretation of the results and the potential applications for intervention are discussed.
This study has two main aims: (1) analysing the relationship between intellectual capacities and levels of creativity in a sample of Spanish students from the third and sixth grades; and (2) examining the discrimination capacities and degree of congruence among different tests of intellectual ability that are commonly used to identify high-ability students. The study sample comprised 236 primary school students. Participants completed different tests of intellectual ability, which were based on both fluid and crystallized intelligence, as well as creativity. Results indicated that it is advisable to use varying tests in the assessment process, and a complementary measure (i.e., creativity) in order to create a multi-criteria means of detection that can more efficiently distinguish this population of students.
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