For Kazakhstan, with its vast territory, the problem of disposal of solid waste from metallurgical, energy and petrochemical industries is becoming more acute. Failure to comply with hygiene requirements for the placement and operation of landfills increases the area of contaminated land and could become a threat to the public of environmental safety of industrial centers. The aim of the study was to evaluate the soil contamination in the towns and cities of Kazakhstan and the allocation of areas of risk to public health. The content of heavy metals in the soil (manganese, zinc, copper, cobalt, nickel, lead, cadmium, mercury, selenium, tin, arsenic, vanadium) were determined by atomic absorption spectrometer MGA-915M. Evaluation of the results was performed with respect to the MPC substances in the soil, the toxicity of the components. Summarized metal soil pollution index (IZ) was obtained by the sum of the rate of excess metal concentration above the level of its world-Clark. To assess the different risk residence zones scale with 5 levels of purity up to 2 - very clean, 2.8 net, 8-16 acceptable, 16-32 moderately dangerous, dangerous 32-128 was chosen. We developed the original software product using GIS technology to provide environmental information on an electronic map of the city in the form of color patches (polygons), matching levels summarized indicator of soil contamination. Found that the most contaminated soil were village Glubokoe where pollution reached dangerous or extremely dangerous levels, Aktau and Zhanaozen in which moderately hazardous contamination was detected throughout; Ust-Kamenogorsk and village Sholakkorgan where moderately hazardous contamination was noted in the fourth part of the urban area. The most common heavy metal toxicity 1-2 class that exceeded MCL in soils, were lead, copper and zinc, and in village Glubokoe - chromium and arsenic, in Aktau - cadmium. Visualization of environmental pollution in some urban areas puts into the hands of environmentalists a new tool in the analysis of environmental health issues to reduce the carcinogenic and mutagenic effects of soil contamination with heavy metals. The mapping results of soil contamination will contribute earmarking local authorities to carry out administrative measures to optimize the environment in the industrial centers.

The state of health of healthcare practitioners with occupational exposure to a complex of hazards may differ from the state of health of general population and justify the need to develop a number of preventive measures for healthcare practitioners. The purpose of the study was assessment of the prevalence of morbidity among medical specialists (MRI and ultrasound diagnostics). Design: retrospective (2018-2021), nonrandomized. Participants: MRI and ultrasound diagnostics specialists, ophthalmologists (as control). An analysis of data on healthcare practitioners seeking for medical care was done (diagnosis by ICD-10). Morbidity was also compared with general population of the RK. Higher morbidity of healthcare practitioners of the listed above specialties with genitourinary and musculoskeletal systems diseases, eye diseases and oncopathology was revealed. Comparing with ophthalmologists, ultrasound diagnostic specialists had higher morbidity with malignant and benign neoplasms (RR 2.74 and RR 9.58, respectively), MRI specialists had higher morbidity with malignant neoplasms and blood diseases (RR 4.73 and RR 1.89, respectively). The incidence rates of SARS-COV-2 in MRI and ultrasound diagnostic specialists and ophthalmologists exceeded those in the general population of the RK. Identified features of the morbidity of healthcare practitioners should be taken into account in labor ergonomics and organization of preventive and screening measures for diagnosing diseases.

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Working conditions of medical staff in magnetic resonance imaging rooms are associated with high levels of stationary magnetic fields and electromagnetic fields of various frequencies and increased work intensity. It can affect cognitive, psychological and hemodynamic changes of the body with health issues. It requires not only high professional training, but also compliance with safety measures, as well as monitoring of working conditions, health status and carrying out of medical and preventive measures.

Our research project was aimed at studying the effects of an electromagnetic field of industrial frequency (EMF-IF) on employees of an energy company in Kazakhstan. Material and Methods — The object of our study was the health status of electricians (morbidity with temporary disability – MTD), engaged in the maintenance of power lines, relay protection systems and substations (220 and 500 kV) at an energy enterprise in Kazakhstan. The interrelation and dependence of the intensive MTD indicators on the hygienic factors at the workplace were determined, and the risks were calculated from the obtained data. Results — Unfavorable workplace conditions caused an increase in disorders of the musculoskeletal system (up to 77%), blood circulation (up to 65%), nervous system (up to 52%), skin diseases (up to 46.4%), as well as the manifold rise of the likelihood of neoplasm growth and respiratory diseases. For electricians, the relationships between the nervous system disorders (r=0.792), the circulatory system diseases (r=0.573), the musculoskeletal system ailments (r=0.672) and the EMF-IF parameters were discovered. At the same time, the dependence of the incidence rates of various diseases in workers on EMF, as well as moderate to high computed relative risks, implied the occupational genesis of worklace ailments: for nervous system – R2=0.628, cardiovascular system – R2=0.709, skin – R2=0.729, and musculoskeletal system – R2=0.413. Conclusion — As preventive measures for electricians, we recommended to wear individual exposure meters, to limit work in contact with EMF, to include an oncologist in the medical commission, and for trainees, to screen for oxidative stress proteins and chaperone proteins to exclude a predisposition to oncogenesis.