This paper suggests a methodology (conception and principles) for building two-mode monitoring systems (SMs) for industrial facilities and their adjacent territories based on the application of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), Internet of Things (IoT), and digital twin (DT) technologies, and a set of SM reliability models considering the parameters of the channels and components. The concept of building a reliable and resilient SM is proposed. For this purpose, the von Neumann paradigm for the synthesis of reliable systems from unreliable components is developed. For complex SMs of industrial facilities, the concept covers the application of various types of redundancy (structural, version, time, and space) for basic components—sensors, means of communication, processing, and presentation—in the form of DTs for decision support systems. The research results include: the methodology for the building and general structures of UAV-, IoT-, and DT-based SMs in industrial facilities as multi-level systems; reliability models for SMs considering the applied technologies and operation modes (normal and emergency); and industrial cases of SMs for manufacture and nuclear power plants. The results obtained are the basis for further development of the theory and for practical applications of SMs in industrial facilities within the framework of the implementation and improvement of Industry 4.0 principles.
Eye tracking technology is based on tracking the trajectory of human eye movement. As a rule, it is implemented in the form of an additional device attached under the monitor or in the form of glasses. On the basis of a mathematical model, the focus of a person's attention is calculated and, accordingly, the user's visual route is built. Eye tracking technology is used to solve various problems, e.g. for marketing research, assessing the quality of user interfaces, developing simulators for operators, etc. The article discusses the concept of using eye tracking technology to assess and ensure cyber security, functional safety and usability. The possibility of using eye tracking technology (ETT) to solve the problem of identifying a person's personality is considered separately. The solution is achieved by reproducing a certain trajectory by a person's vision. This technique can be used as a basic or additional technique for identifying a person's personality. It also analyzes the results of using eye tracking to study the interface of an automated information system for operator support based on algorithms for symptom-oriented emergency instructions (ASOEI), which is used at nuclear power plants (NPP).
The article deals with new aspects of evolution of management as a science and technology. The authors give the assessment of the opinion about the existence of a crisis in the theory and practice of management. It is claimed that the crisis is caused by the objective course of development of science in the 21 st century, which shows unrealised possibilities of the management theory. It has been proved that the emergence of art-management in the third millennium produces considerable consequences and contributes to the theoretical understanding of management. Based on the achievements of management, art-management specifies its common positions and opens the door to new areas of the development theory and practice. Differentiation of scientific knowledge leads to new questions to which answers must be sought in the reflexive and methodological analysis of science. These answers should help to improve management practices both in the economic and art-spheres. It is emphasised on the emergence of art-management with regard to dramatic changes in the social structure and objectives of its targeted transformation. The economy has always developed in certain social and cultural conditions and in the 21 st century the spheres of interaction have become more intensive. Being relatively independent, the art-sphere has an impact on the economic sphere, which is why the sphere of art-management cannot be considered separately from solving of economic problems and problems of economic culture. The emergence of art-management is a step towards the development of administrative culture due to the use of common methods and management techniques, as well as the basic criteria of competence, professionalism and management skills. Disintegration of knowledge is determined by a great variety of subjects and problems The lack of art-management of their own status in the system of knowledge about how to manage due to the mobility of the subjectfield problem, the lack of certain basic concepts and the lack of attention to the conceptual interaction between management and art-management. Proper understanding of management as a basic science will overcome the mosaic of ideas about how to manage the art-sphere and provide a new approach to the processes of differentiation and integration in the management theory. Differentiation of the dimensions of conceptual interaction will improve the institutionalisation processes of both management and art-management, academisation of knowledge in order to specify professional orientation of managers. In Russia, project management in cultural sphere is one of the most needed and well-paid directions of management. Among the most well-known Russian organizations in the cultural sphere sphere we should mention «Art Kvadrat», Educational Centre «The House of Benois», Professional Auction of Arts on-line «ARTLOT 24». Main players in the field of concert and festival management acting at domestic and international markets are «Rossconcert» and the National Concert Academy (NCA). The NCA during...
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