No abstract

The article is aimed at studying the impact of FDI on the development of the high-tech sector of the economy. R\D effects are analyzed through the location of branches of foreign enter- prises. The positive and negative technological spillover effects and FDI inflow consequences are considered. Foreign investment is assessed as a factor of economic development, modern-ization, income, and employment growth. The radical innovations' implementation by the innovative TNCs have been highlighted. The assessment of the success of the most innovative companies confirms the usage of artificial intelligence, platforms, and ecosystems.

Цель статьи − оценка влияния притока прямых иностранных инвестиций на экономический рост, выявле-ние факторов его стимулирования в процессе привлечения иностранного капитала путем передачи новых технологий, размещения филиалов иностранных фирм, развития конкуренции, использования новых форм организации менеджмента в компаниях. В статье раскрыты внешние и внутренние эффекты передачи и импорта технологий в производственном секторе от прямых иностранных инвестиций, исследованы на-правления инвестиционной деятельности глобальных ТНК, включая контрактные операции; выявлены общие и особенные принципы, страновые различия факторов и условий стимулирования экономического роста; обоснован роль научно-исследовательских и опытно-конструкторских разработок как основного фактора развития инноваций, лежащих в основе успеха Топ 50 инновационных компаний мира; определены направления развития международного бизнеса, позволяющие компаниям выходить на международный ры-нок, используя инновационные преимущества глобальных производственных систем. Ключевые слова: прямые иностранные инвестиции, транснациональные корпорации, инновации, технологии, конкурентоспособность, развитие, экономический рост.

The paper is based on an empirical analysis of industrial policy effects on regional development. It looks at the state of the Ukrainian industrial policy and proposes the basic measures for future structural adjustments in Ukraine. The analysis of two groups of factors includes general and specific sources of growth for Ukraine's 27 regions and estimates the effects of regional industrial policy in Ukraine. The first group of indices comprises macroeconomic indicators. In the aggregate, transition-specific factors combine the indicators of success of reforms, including labour productivity, capital intensity, technological change and regional differences. The regional imbalance assessment is determined by the gross regional product per capita, regional employment and expenditures on education.The use of econometric modelling proves the division into industrial regions with a high urbanisation rate and backward agrarian regions in Ukraine. Different types of industrial policies of protection and production subsidies across industries are proposed for the reforming process within the regions.

The purpose of the proposed paper is to study the specific factors shaping the benefits of information platforms as an innovative institutional form and model of doing business. Active dissemination of the business model of online platforms radically transforms the competitive landscape of the market environment. The task of determining the sources and mechanisms for studying the changes that are taking place is being updated. New areas of competition include competition between hierarchical and network structures, between global «structuring» platforms, competition in dominant platform ecosystems, the interaction between platforms operating in competitive markets, competition between organizers and users, and between platform users. The impact of platforming on cross-industry, regional and international competition is determined. The sources of competitive advantages of platforms are investigated. These include reliance on data as the main factor of production, changing the cost structure of entering the market; the possibility of building large-scale networks, niche specialization, combining the effects of increasing the scale of production and demand, multihoming, multi productivity, network effects.