Ethnic diversity describes the plurality of ethnicities within a group of people coexisting in one territory. The permanent presence of other cultures’ representatives can trigger a sense of jeopardy; a feeling that the prevailing way of life, its norms, and its values are challenged by strangers, which results in hostility to ethnic minorities living in the same territory. In this context, the study aimed at investigating specific features of the individual’s ethnic identity determined by the degree of the ethnic diversity of their living environment is of relevance. In order to define regions for the study, the comparative analysis of the ethnic diversity of Russian regions was conducted. Two regions for the study were defined: the Sverdlovsk region as a territory with average ethnic diversity and the Republic of Bashkortostan as a highly diverse region in terms of ethnicity. The respondents from less ethno-diverse areas exhibit global self-identification, the awareness of being a part of the world, and territorial identity. Differences in the degree of sustainability and the intensity of ethnic self-identification of the subjects from regions with varying degrees of ethnic diversity were revealed. Significant distinctions in the meaning of ethnicity for the compared groups of the respondents were found.
Research background. Due to the significant role that the United States, Russia and China play in the world political and economic processes, US-Russia-China relations can be recognized as the most important interstate relations in the world, setting the direction for the transformation of the international system. Nowadays, the study of these trilateral relations is a relevant scientific task. The authors, on a systematic basis, have investigated the aspects of interaction between the USA, Russia and China in the modern economy, which opened the way for solving the key issues of international relations. The authors have published several papers on this issue in Russia and abroad, including publications in Scopus and Web of Science indexed journals. Purpose of the article is to analyse the US-Russia-China relations and to determine the directions of their development in the context of globalization of the world economy. Methods. To analyse the interests, a systematic method was used that allows considering the interests of the United States, China and Russia as an holistic, complex mechanism with elements constantly interacting with each other. Findings & Value added. Despite geographical, linguistic, religious, and other distinctions, the United States, China, and Russia have a lot in common. There were historical periods of active and positive cooperation between these three major superpowers. In our opinion, in spite of the current contradictions between the parties, Russia, China and the United States have a mutual concern in harmonizing trilateral interests. However, the existed contradictions are not insoluble.
A condition for the effective integration of Eurasian Economic Union member states economies is creating a set of mechanisms for the use of intellectual property objects in modern circumstances. With significant intellectual potential existing in the EAEU countries, the process of commercialization and use of intellectual property objects is not carried out sufficiently. Considering the main purpose of the Union's functioning, this problem has to be solved comprehensively and consistently. The article presents the main results of study of customs regulation system of goods containing intellectual property objects crossborder movement in the context of Eurasian integration. It is noted that the violation of intellectual property rights occurs not only among competing companies as a plagiarism or industrial espionage, but also within framework of agreements concluded between copyright holders and users of intellectual property rights. The EAEU countries cooperate and organize interaction of authorized bodies also to form a unified system of intellectual property rights protection within the EAEU, SCO, BRICS, as well as the WTO. In order to improve the system of customs control of goods containing intellectual property objects, constant adjustments and modernization of methods for controlling the intellectual property objects movement across the customs border of the EAEU are required to ensure the maximum possible protection of intellectual property holders from illegal actions of third parties. The publication was made within the framework of the state assignment for 2021 No. 0851-2020-0034
Research background: The authors on a systematic basis have investigated the features of trade relations between Russia and neighboring Asian states. It was published several articles on this issue in Russia and abroad, including publications in Scopus and Web of Science indexed journals. Purpose of the article: The aim of the research is to analyze the current situation and prospects for the development of mutual trade cooperation between Russia and neighboring Asian states (Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan). Methods: The research is based on the methodology of general system theory. The present research was accomplished using the following methods for studying complex social objects: synthesis, comparison, system analysis, analogy, construction of scientifically based hypotheses, etc. The theoretical basis for the study was the works of M.O. Slobodchikoff, M.E. Aleprete [1], P. Bargues-Pedreny [2], R. Mac Ginty [3], and J. L. Austin [4]. Findings & Value added: The authors have investigated mutual trade cooperation between Russia and neighboring Asian states (Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan). The study has showed that the major problem of Russia’s trade with neighboring Asian states is based on resource-oriented export. Russia’s key task at Central Asian market is to expand the share of non-resource-based sectors. A variety of export categories will make the Russian economy more resilient to global fluctuations and crises. At the same time, it is necessary to develop trade and economic cooperation with India, Indonesia and Brazil, as well as to form a coalition of non-aligned countries and African countries in order to deter China and the USA.
The paper analyses the official Russian state anti-inflationary policy. It reveals that this policy does not correspond to the causes of inflation. Over the period from 1992 to 2018, the monetarist basis of the state economic policy pursued in Russia has not changed. Sterilization of financial assets and artificial restraint of money supply in the country took place through the Central Bank and the deposit and credit banking multiplication. This made anti-inflationary policies extremely ineffective. The non-monetary nature of Russian inflation has been proved. There were proposed measures of government control based on rejection of the monetarist model of combating inflation which leads to stagnation of economic growth. The most effective way to combat inflation in Russia is to enrich the economy with investment flows and long loans, stimulating supply of goods and services. First of all, it is necessary to reduce the tax burden including the VAT. It is necessary to abandon the liberal dogmas and to pursue a state pricing policy with respect to infrastructure monopolies, whose tariffs are currently significantly overestimated. 1. Introduction
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