The Criminal Code (hereinafter CC) of the Ukrainian SSR (§2, Art.41) only once provided for a crime committed by an organized group as an aggravating circumstance in any crime till 1989 [1]. At the close of 80-s and in 90-s especially the country faced a fast-growing and serious challenge from organized crime that caused a classifying circumstance - a commission by an organized criminal group (hereinafter OCG) amended in 20 articles, the Special Part, CC. Regulations, Session of the Supreme Court and Methodical Instructions, the Ministry of Interior did not give an appropriate definition of OCG. As a result law enforcement and, first of all, the Ministry of Interior agencies did not have strict legislative acts to define OCG from traditional groups of criminals. All the cited above could not but adversely affect the struggle against organized crime. According to the statistical data for 1991-2023, annual Reports on combating organized criminal groups, the Ministry of Interior the status of organized crime is as follows.

Introduction. In accordance with the requirements of time the staffing of public institutions must take into account current trends in the integration and strengthening of gender equality policy, so there is a timely need for systematic integration of gender issues. The question of gender, gender equality, gender equality problems, and the effective mechanism of its providing, is all no longer acquired to actuality in the world and in Ukraine. A review of the legislative provision of the gender approach and analysis of the institutional support for the implementation of the state gender policy is presented. Methodology. The solution of the research tasks was carried out using general scientific methods: benchmarking study and synthesis (for systematisation and generalisation of legislative support for the introduction of gender equality in Ukraine), classification (for the description of the institutional ensuring for the implementation of the state gender policy), abstracting, analysis and synthesis (for the development recommendations on mechanisms and means of improving the state gender policy in Ukraine). Results and conclusions. According to the results of the research, recommendations were made for the modernization of the state gender policy, which envisage further improvement of the Ukrainian legislation in accordance with the European requirements for gender equality; integrating the gender perspective into all state plans and programmes; ensuring favourable conditions for women to participate in social development management processes.

In connection with the imposition of martial law, a number of laws were passed that increased criminal liability for a number of crimes, one of them in the misuse of humanitarian aid allocated to the needs of citizens who are in combat zones or who were forced to leave their homes. permanent residence. The subject of this criminal offense is humanitarian aid, charitable donations and gratuitous aid, the definition of which is given in the Laws of Ukraine "On Humanitarian Aid" and "On Charitable Activities and Charitable Organizations" of 05.07.2012. The provisions of the Law of Ukraine "On Humanitarian Aid" show that humanitarian aid is targeted targeted free aid, which is provided in cash or in kind, in the form of works or services. It should be emphasized that the sale of goods (items) of humanitarian aid; use of charitable donations, free aid for profit; concluding other transactions for the disposal of such property for profit, ie the amount by which the income exceeds the associated costs, as well as the purpose of profit can be proved by proving the actual profit or encroachment. The misappropriation, sale or exchange of other goods for personal gain is considered inappropriate. The key feature is free and useless assistance only to those who need it, or for clearly defined charitable purposes.

One of the key principles of the national foreign policy is to ensure Ukraine's integration into the European political, economic, and legal space with the aim of gaining membership in the European Union. For this purpose, the authorities in our country ratified international treaties and adopted a number of laws, which, both in the pre-war period and during martial law, significantly reduced the level of offenses in the field of human trafficking, since millions of Ukrainians have been abroad since the beginning of the war, and together with the temporary protection, refugees gained access to the labor market in European countries. At the current stage of state formation, migration has become an element of the movement of people in many countries of the world, since migration policy in European countries is an important factor in ensuring the national security of the states of the European Union and migration processes require constant and proper control by state authorities. In the context of the strengthening of civil society institutions in Ukraine as a democratic, social, legal state, the study of the issues of legislative protection of human and citizen rights and freedoms in Ukraine, among which the right to freedom of movement occupies a special place. And the number one issue is irregular migration, which is a choice between security and ghostly earnings. Labor migration is a quick and popular way to earn a significant amount of money, but this easy availability of earnings has another side – fraud, which is a very widespread phenomenon in the labor migration market and it starts with offers of illegal employment abroad, and sometimes ends with real labor slavery. There are problematic situations of silencing cases of discrimination abroad, because it is connected with insufficient awareness of our compatriots about their rights and the mechanisms for their protection, because when they find themselves in such situations, people do not know where to turn for help or are afraid of losing their jobs, because most of them are labor-related by migrants and spreading negative information about them by employers can lead to job loss. It is possible to outline several groups of risks regarding persons who are potentially more prone to falling into fraudulent schemes. First, people who agree to leave illegally to work abroad because the promise of a higher salary works, because the employer does not pay taxes for the employee. Key words: migration; fraud; criminal liability; deception; breach of trust; employment fraud schemes

The article defines the essence of the concepts of cryptocurrency, bitcoin and mining, considers the status of cryptocurrency in Ukraine and other countries. In addition, problems related to the uncertain status of cryptocurrency are indicated, ways to solve them are proposed, special attention is drawn to the disclosure of the conceptual aspect in the qualification of criminal offenses related to cryptocurrency. At present, the use of cryptocurrencies as a financial instrument by various states is increasingly common, and Ukraine is no exception. According to the reports of the Chainalysis platform, Ukraine ranks high in the ranking of both the general use of crypto-assets and their use for illegal purposes. According to the Ministry of Digital Transformation of Ukraine, our state is a leader in the use of virtual assets among the population; the Ukrainian community of blockchain developers is one of the largest in the world and is in the top 3. Cryptocurrency is a digital (virtual) currency, the unit of which is a coin, protected from counterfeiting, as it is encrypted information that cannot be copied, because the emission and accounting of cryptocurrency is based on asymmetric encryption using various cryptographic protection methods, such as Proof-of- work and/or Proof-of-stake. The physical feature characterizes the technical aspects of the functioning of the cryptocurrency, the economic feature is determined by the price that interested parties can pay for it, and the legal feature is established on the basis of a consistent analysis of the types of civil rights objects provided for by the current legislation. So, in the context of criminal law regulation, cryptocurrency is data in electronic form that has a price and is the subject of the right to information. The attractiveness of cryptocurrencies for the criminal world is due to the fact that Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies are based on the principle of decentralization and the Blockchain system: electronic money is not tied to and is not controlled by any financial authority of any country, users of the system remain anonymous and have equal statuses. Cryptocurrency, the main advantage is its anonymity, in addition, the personal data of the owner of the electronic wallet is kept secret and it is only a set of symbols by which it is impossible to determine the owner, therefore it is impossible to recognize the name or address of such a user, and the history of transactions is open information. Agreements related to cryptocurrency are also anonymous, besides, they are irreversible. Cybercrime has also become widespread, in particular criminal offenses with cryptocurrencies, because in Ukraine and the world, individuals and legal entities are increasingly faced with their illegal acquisition, however, in our country, the legal status of cryptocurrencies has not yet been determined, in addition, so far in Ukraine does not provide for liability for illegal possession of cryptocurrency, currently in the world there are already quite widespread situations of criminal offenses against property (theft, robbery, extortion, fraud), where the object of encroachment is computer equipment, hard drives or portable crypto wallets together with the corresponding passwords from them for the purpose of taking possession of cryptocurrency and receiving funds from its further conversion.