Currently it’s estimated that more than 152 million people are child laborers, around 10 percent of children worldwide. Most (71 percent) work in the agricultural sector. As many as 69 percent do unpaid work because they work in their own homes and nearly half (73 million people) work in jobs that endanger their health, safety and moral development. The objective of the paper is exploring the factors why a child of a child must work, policies in control the growth rate of child labor and finally in eliminating child labor in Indonesia. This study found that child Labor and the Worst Forms of Child Labor are complex problems, but if the handling and elimination efforts are carried out through good coordination and cooperation, then the efforts made can provide opportunities for child laborers to become more advanced and developed. Coordination and synchronization between the implementers of the action are the main prerequisites for the implementation of this roadmap. Central government, provincial government, and district/city government, as well as stakeholders
The article reveals the content of Industry 4.0 technologies in the subsystems of international trade. The destructive type of innovations of the fourth industrial revolution on traditional spheres of trade is defined. The types of modern innovations related to the technologies of Industry 4.0 and form competitive advantages in successful global brands are identified and characterized, they are reviewed for the presence of common features inherent in its technologies and innovations in general. The influence of Industry 4.0 on the stages of introduction of the innovation process in international trade is analysed. It is established that at the stage of experimental implementation of innovations, omnichannel logistics, drones, and 3D printing have a high level of influence, which are trends in the miniaturization of the economy and the concept of «smart enterprise». An analysis of the impact of the trend of changes from Industry 4.0 innovations in international trade through the impact on consumer behavior and the functioning of business models of enterprises. The expediency of introduction of drones in the aspect of expansion of sales channels and receipt of goods on the basis of the omnichannel approach of increase of volumes of the international trade is proved. Existing and perspective spheres of application of drone logistics are analysed. A positive effect in terms of optimizing the cost of maintaining employees through the use of drones on the example of warehousing and fast delivery of goods to order. The problem of large-scale introduction of drones to exacerbate the issue of replacing workers in entire industries with artificial intelligence and the need to learn new professions is outlined. The influence of additive production on international trade by introduction of 3D printing technology is analysed, the spheres of its application and consequences of introduction are defined. The reality of the scenario forecast of development of 3D printing and its influence on subsystems of the international trade, chains of delivery of the goods, formation of stocks of raw materials and materials is considered. The possible consequences of the application of 3D printing technology for the field of intellectual property are described. It is proved that the key catalysts of Industry 4.0 at the level of international trade are innovations in the form of attracting drones to logistics supply and marketing systems and inventory optimization by expanding the scope of 3D reproduction techniques.
The problem of increasing the competitiveness and development of the Ukrainian economy has been updated. It has been argued that this problem can be addressed in the context of institutional change-by eliminating the discrepancy between formal and informal components of the institutional environment. The main gaps in the institutional environment of Ukraine, which determine the dominance of the corruption component in the decisions and actions of various economic agents-representatives of business, legislative and executive authorities have been highlighted. On the basis of the analysis of Ukrainian machine-building enterprises products export dynamics in 2001-2018, the decrease of its competitiveness in foreign markets has been proved. It has been proved by comparative analysis of corruption perception and competitiveness indexes with composition of national economies innovation indexes that the main reason for the Ukrainian economy competitiveness low level is the regulatory structures inefficient activity. It has been stated that this situation is caused by a motivational imbalance between the amount of powers and the responsibility of their employees, which gives rise to the development of the shadow service sector (corruption). This compensates the absence of legal institutions of collective action (lobbying institutes, elements of innovative infrastructure). The conditions under which the business community would be interested in the development of collective action institutions have been identified
The article summarizes approaches to defining the essence of the "direct marketing" concept. It is proved that the tools of direct marketing, as a component of internal marketing, are the most effective means of influencing the behavior of modern consumers and adaptive to market conditions of marketing activities, the implementation of which will contribute to achieving the corporate goal and mission of the enterprise with minimal time and resources. The necessity of using direct marketing tools in the activities of modern enterprises is justified. The problems of activating direct marketing based on the introduction of interactive systems are considered. The main advantages associated with the use of Integrated Marketing Communications in the formation of direct marketing strategies are revealed. The methodological bases of marketing communications are analyzed in the article. The expediency of using different types of marketing communications on the basis of their benefits and drawbacks for the effective implementation of the company's marketing policy. Particular attention was paid to the tools of direct marketing and the dynamics of the most influential communication features of digital marketing. As a result, it was determined that the tools of marketing communications should be combined thoroughly, and the most effective tool is eventually an integrated marketing.
Думанська І. Ю. доктор економічних наук, професор кафедри міжнародних економічних відносин Хмельницького національного університету Матвієць О. В. кандидат економічних наук, доцент кафедри міжнародних економічних відносин Хмельницького національного університету INFRASTRUCTURAL INTEGRATION OF UKRAINE AND MOLDOVA ON THE BASIS OF LOGISTICSSummary. The publication considers the prospects of infrastructural integration of Ukraine and Moldova on the basis of logistics. The legal framework for the development of Ukrainian-Moldovan cross-border cooperation as a basis for building infrastructure integration has been studied. It is established that the model of infrastructural integration of Ukraine and Moldova on the basis of logistics should be based on the institutional approach. The characteristics of the common elements of the logistics infrastructure of Ukraine and Moldova in terms of transport corridors, road network and railway connections are given. Based on the SWOT analysis, the main advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and threats in the development of infrastructural integration of Ukraine and Moldova are substantiated. Mutually beneficial vectors of infrastructural integration for both states and prospects of cooperation are revealed.
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