Abstrack: COVID-19 is a disease caused by Coronaviruses (CoVs). WHO has declared the prevalence of COVID-19 as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). The World Health Organization (WHO) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have listed symptoms of anosmia or loss of smell as one of the symptoms of COVID-19 that worth watching out for. This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between anosmia and the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Using the Literature review method, which is carried out by identifying, evaluating and interpreting all the results of certain studies which are the focus of the research. Anosmia is one of the earliest signs of COVID-19 infection with an average onset of 7 days. Symptoms can appear just before, with or immediately after the onset of the usual symptoms, with an average recovery of 14 days. Most patients do not experience nasal congestion or rhinorrhea. There is a relationship between anosmia and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Anosmia was found as an early sign of Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) infection with the average duration of anosmia is 7 days and the results appear to be favorable in less than 28 days. The mechanism of the olfactory disturbance by COVID-19 is not explained. One hypothesis is that SARS-CoV-2 will cause a change of smell through direct access and damage to the CNS through its penetration by the cribriform plate. Another hypothesis is direct viral damage to olfactory cells and taste receptors.Key words: Anosmia, loss of smell, olfactory disorder, coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19, SARS-Cov2. Abstrak: COVID-19 adalah penyakit yang di sebabkan Coronaviruses (CoVs). WHO telah menyatakan prevalensi COVID-19 sebagai Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC).World Health Organization (WHO) dan Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC) telah mencantumkan gejala anosmia atau kehilangan kemampuan penciuman sebagai salah satu gejala COVID-19 yang patut diwaspadai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan anosmia dengan coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Menggunakan metode Literature review yang di lakukan dengan cara identifikasi, evaluasi dan interpretasi terhadap semua hasil penelitian tertentu yang menjadi fokus penelitian. Anosmia adalah salah satu tanda awal infeksi COVID-19 dengan rata-rata onset 7 hari. Gejala dapat muncul tepat sebelum, bersamaan atau segera setelah timbulnya gejala yang biasa, dengan rata-rata pemulihan 14 hari. Kebanyakan pasien tidak mengalami hidung tersumbat atau rinorea. Ada hubungan antara anosmia dengan coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Dimana Anosmia di temukan sebagai tanda awal infeksi Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) dengan durasi rata-rata anosmia adalah 7 hari dan hasilnya tampak menguntungkan dalam waktu kurang dari 28 hari. Mekanisme gangguan penciuman oleh COVID-19 tidak dijelaskan. Salah satu hipotesis adalah bahwa SARS-CoV-2 akan menyebabkan perubahan penciuman melalui akses langsung dan kerusakan pada SSP melalui penembusannya oleh pelat kribriform. Hipotesis lain adalah kerusakan virus langsung pada sel penciuman dan reseptor rasa. Kata Kunci : Anosmia, loss of smell, olfactory disorder, coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19, SARS-Cov2.
Noise at a certain level and time can cause human health problems and environmental discomfort. These conditions occur if the noise intensity exceeds the threshold level related to time and place. This study was aimed to obtain the influence of noise intensity at work to hearing disturbance among the employees of game arenas. This was an analytical study with a cross-sectional design. Data were obtained by questionnaire filling, noise measurement by using a sound level meter, physical examination, and auditory function examination by using audiometry and then were analyzed by using the Fisher exact test. There were three game arenas in this study, as follows: Amazing Zone Star Square Manado, Amazone, and Timezone Manado Town Square. The results showed that there were 18 respondents in this study. The mean noise intensity at the game arenas were 85.5 dBA at Timezone, 89.8 dBA at Amazone, and 85.4 dBA at Amazing Zone. Hearing disturbance was found ian 72% of the total employees. The Fisher exact test showed a p-value of 0.294 (p>0.05) for the influence of noise intensity to hearing disturbance. In conclusion, the noise intensity at the game arenas did not affect the hearing threshold of the game arena employees.Keywords: noise, hearing threshold, playing area employees Abstrak: Kebisingan dalam tingkat dan waktu tertentu dapat menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan manusia dan kenyamanan lingkungan. Hal ini terjadi jika intensitas bising melebihi nilai ambang batas yang ditetapkan berdasarkan waktu dan tempatPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan hubungan antara intensitas kebisingan di tempat kerja dengan gangguan fungsi pendengaran pada karyawan arena bermain. Jenis penelitian ialah analitik dengan desain potong lintang. Data diperoleh melalui pengisian kuisioner, pengukuran kebisingan dengan sound level meter, pemeriksaan fisik, dan pemeriksaan fungsi pendengaran dengan audiometri. Analisis data menggunakan uji Fisher exact. Terdapat 3 arena bermain yang diikutsertakan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu: Amazing Zone Star Square Manado, Amazone, dan Timezone Manado Town Square. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan intensitas kebisingan arena bermain sebagai berikut: Timezone 85,5 dBA, Amazone 89,8 dBA, dan Amazing Zone 85,4 dBA. Gangguan pendengaran didapatkan pada 72% dari total responden. Hasil uji Fisher exact mendapatkan nilai p=0,294 (p>0,05) untuk pengaruh kebisingan terhadap gangguan pendengaran. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah kebisingan di arena bermain tidak memengaruhi ambang pendengaran karyawan arena bermain.Kata kunci: bising, ambang pendengaran, karyawan arena bermain
Ear is one of the five senses that functions as hearing and body balance device. The health status of human ear is influenced by lifestyle, activities, and environmental factors. Noise is one of the hazardous physical factors that could cause hearing problems ranging from temporary to permanent deafness depending on the intensity of noise, duration of exposure, and individual sensitivity towards noise. Ear health status can be determined through investigation problems or abnormalities of the ear and the hearing function. This study was aimed to obtain the profile of ear health among students of State Police Academy Karombasan Manado. This was a descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design. There were 30 students as respondents. Data were analyzed by using Microsoft Excel 2010. The results showed that only one respondent (3%) had abnormal outer ear shape (preauricular fistula) meanwhile 29 respondents (97%) had normal outer ear shape. Based on the ear canal, 25 respondents (83%) had normal ear canal and 5 respondents (17%) had cerumen. Investigation of tympanic membrane showed that all respondents had normal tympanic membrane. All respondents had good ear function based on Rinne and Weber tests. Conclusion: Ear health status among students of State Police Academy Karombasan Manado was categorized as good.Keywords: ear abnormality, hearing function abnormality Abstrak: Telinga merupakan indera yang berfungsi sebagai alat pendengaran dan keseimbangan tubuh. Status kesehatan telinga manusia dipengaruhi oleh perilaku hidup, aktifitas, dan faktor lingkungan. Kebisingan merupakan salah satu faktor fisik yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan pendengaran mulai dari ketulian sementara sampai ketulian permanen bergantung pada intensitas, lama waktu paparan, dan kepekaan individu terhadap kebisingan. Status kesehatan telinga dapat ditentukan dengan pemeriksaan gangguan atau kelainan telinga, dan pemeriksaan gangguan fungsi pendengaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran kesehatan telinga mahasiswa Sekolah Polisi Negara Karombasan Manado. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Responden penelitian ialah 30 mahasiswa Sekolah Polisi Negara Karombasan Manado. Data hasil penelitian diolah menggunakan Microsoft Office Excel 2010. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada pemeriksaan telinga luar hanya 1 responden (3%) yang memiliki bentuk telinga luar abnormal yaitu fistula preaurikular, sedangkan 29 responden (97%) memiliki kondisi telinga luar normal. Pemeriksaan membran timpani mendapatkan hasil normal telinga kiri dan telinga kanan pada semua responden (100%). Pemeriksaan tes fungsi pendengaran Rinne dan Weber mendapatkan hasil normal pada 30 responden (100%) baik telinga kiri dan kanan. Simpulan: Status kesehatan telinga mahasiswa Sekolah Polisi Negara Karombasan Manado tergolong baik. Kata kunci: gangguan atau kelainan pada telinga, gangguan fungsi pendengaran
Pharyngitis is a common disease in adults and children. Approximately 15-30% of pharyngitis cases occurred in children of school age and 10% of cases in adults. Chronic tonsillitis has the highest prevalence rate according to epidemiological data of ENT disease in seven provinces in Indonesia in 1994-1996. This stuudy aimed to obtain data about the health survey of throat among Tinoor Dua villagers. This study used a descriptive observational method and a cross sectional design. Overview of throat health status of each respondent was obtained by checking the size, surface, and color of tonsils and pharynx. The examination showed that most respondents had normal tonsil and pharynx. Conclusion: Most of the Tinoor Dua villagers had good throat health status.Keywords: throat health status, examination of the throatAbstrak: Faringitis merupakan penyakit yang umum terjadi pada dewasa dan anak-anak. Kira-kira 15-30% kasus faringitis terjadi pada anak-anak usia sekolah dan 10% kasus pada orang dewasa. Tonsilitis kronik memiliki angka prevalensi tertinggi menurut data epidemiologi penyakit THT pada tujuh provinsi di Indonesia pada tahun 1994-1996. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh data tentang survei kesehatan tenggorokan di Desa Tinoor Dua. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif observasional dan desain potong lintang. Gambaran kesehatan tenggorokan setiap responden dilihat dengan memeriksa ukuran, permukaan, warna tonsil dan faring. Hasil pemeriksaan menunjukkan bahwa umumnya responden mempunyai tonsil dan farin normal. Simpulan: Umumnya warga Desa Tinoor Dua mempunyai gambaran kesehatan tenggorokan baik.Kata kunci: kesehatan tenggorokan, pemeriksaan tenggorokan
Nose is an important organ, which is supposed to received more attention than usual, no exception nose in children of elementary school. In children with severe nose health disorders may experience disruptions in learning activities. This research aims to get an overview of the nose health on the SDN 11 Manado students. This research uses descriptive observational research methods with a cross sectional design. Overall the respondents amounted to 25 people. Inspection results indicate there is edema at right conchae and left conchae respectively 4%. The results of the examination of nasal secretions found mucopurulent secret 8%. Serous secret 4%; Mucoid secret 4%. Post nasal drips is found, right nose 12% and left nose 8%. Examination of nasal cavity, mucosa layer, septum overall results showed normal.Conclusion: Overall the students of SDN 11 Manado have a good nose health.Keywords : Nose health, nasal examination.Abstrak: Hidung merupakan organ penting, yang seharusnya mendapat perhatian lebih dari biasanya, tak terkecuali kesehatan hidung pada anak-anak sekolah dasar. Pada anak dengan gangguan kesehatan hidung yang berat akan mengalami gangguan dalam kegiatan belajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran kesehatan hidung pada siswa-siswi Sekolah Dasar Negeri 11 Manado. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif observasional dengan pendekatan desain potong lintang. Keseluruhan responden berjumlah 25 orang. Hasil pemeriksaan menunjukkan terdapat udim pada konka sebelah kanan dan kiri masing-masing sebesar 4%. Hasil pemeriksaan sekret hidung ditemukan sekret mukopurulen 8%. Sekret serous 4% sekret mukoid 4%. Hasil pemeriksaan post nasal drips ditemukan, hidung kanan 12% dan hidung kiri 8%. Pada pemeriksaan kavum nasi, mukosa, dan septum keseluruhannya menunjukkan hasil normal.Simpulan: Secara umum siswa-siswi SDN 11 memiliki kesehatan hidung yang baik.Kata Kunci : kesehatan hidung, pemeriksaan hidung.
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