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The relationship between macroeconomic factors and firm performance is important, especially for growth and development in developing countries. In this paper, a firm-level dataset is used for estimating the role of macroeconomic factors on firm performance in the period 2006–2017 for the Turkish manufacturing sector by using GMM model. Four macroeconomic factors are considered for estimating their roles on firm performance; openness, financial depth, real exchange rate, and economic growth rate. The obtained findings show that the macroeconomic conditions have a significant effect on firm performance in the manufacturing sector in Turkey.