A dámszarvas (Dama dama) Magyarországon jelentős vadgazdálkodási értéket képvisel húsa és trófeája miatt. Védelme érdekében a szerzők egy egyedi szintű azonosításra alkalmas markerkészlet fejlesztését kezdték meg, amely később a vaddal kapcsolatos jogkövetkezménnyel járó esetek (pl. orvvadászat, közlekedési károkozás) megoldásában segíthet. A kutatáshoz 31 mikroszatellita-markert vizsgáltak, és a vizsgált 27 dámszarvasminta alapján négy polimorf markert azonosítottak, amelyek két-három alléllal rendelkeznek. Eddigi eredmények alapján a vizsgált magyarországi állományban vélhetően csekély a genetikai diverzitás, a sikeres egyedi szintű azonosításhoz ezért további markerek vizsgálata szükséges.
The fallow deer (Dama dama) represents significant game management value globally, and human activities are significantly impacting the species. Besides the positive effects, these activities can threaten its existence, health, and value. The aim of the authors was to develop a tetranucleotide microsatellite panel that could be clearly interpreted and used for genetic testing of fallow deer. Such a panel did not exist until now and could be particularly useful in the field of conservation genetics and forensics. A total of 99 tetrameric microsatellites, originally designed for related deer species, were tested on 20 fallow deer individuals from five Hungarian sampling areas. Original and newly designed primers were used to amplify the microsatellite regions using previously published or optimized PCR protocols. The lengths and sequences of specific amplicons were detected using capillary electrophoresis, and the rate of polymorphism was determined. Altogether, 80 markers provided PCR products of adequate quality and quantity. Among them, 15 markers proved to be polymorphic (2–5 alleles/locus), and 14 tetrameric markers were selected for further analysis. Statistical calculations showed that the selected polymorphic microsatellites can potentially enable key individualization in many areas of wildlife and population genetics, thus protecting the species.
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