In this paper, performance of mid-infrared light emitting diodes (LEDs) with an InSb buffer layer and AlInSb active/barrier layers, emitting at room temperature is reported. This film structure makes an ideal base material in view of carrier confinement and crystalline quality. In order to achieve a high efficiency for light extraction, backside emission architecture is adopted together with a rough emitting surface and TiO 2 anti-reflection coating. The resulting AlInSb LED shows 75% higher power conversion efficiency than the reference, which has the highest efficiency in the market to date.

3D structural information can be obtained from the residual dipolar coupling (RDC) from biomolecules trapped within alignment media (e.g., liquid crystals). Unfortunately, RDC is not a suitable method for small molecules, as the intermolecular interactions with common alignment media are weak and ineffective. We report that columnar molecular hosts with parallel-aligned aromatics are magnetically oriented and exhibit observable RDC. And, upon encapsulation, an RDC silent guest (pyrene) is placed in alignment with the host and magnetic field and displays detectable induced RDC. Thus, the discrete hosts with aligned aromatic panels behave as molecular alignment media or "magnetic aligners" for small molecules. This method will be further applied to the 3D structure determination of more complex guest molecules.