Objectives Levator ani muscle (LAM) injury is common after first vaginal delivery, and a higher incidence is

The rates of mesh exposure and re-operation were consistent with those reported in the literature, suggesting no significant differences in outcome between Chinese and Western patients for this type of surgery.

The risk of missing an uterine malignancy in patients with uterine prolapse is low if appropriate investigations are carried out prior to surgery. If hysterectomy is to be performed, we recommend that all surgical specimens be subjected to histopathological examination.