This study examined the impacts of perceived Airbnb risks, i.e., performance, financial, physical, social, time, and psychological risks on tourists’ intention to use Airbnb. The study also explored the moderating effect of the fear of COVID-19 on the relationship between perceived Airbnb risks and the tourist’s intention to use Airbnb. The data was collected from 248 customers of Airbnb using a survey approach. The data were analyzed utilizing the Smart PLS V.4. The PLS-SEM results revealed that Airbnb (physical, psychological, time, performance, financial and social risks) had a significant negative effect on the intention to use Airbnb. On the other side, the fear of COVID-19 acted as a moderator between Airbnb’s physical, psychological, and social risks and the intention to use Airbnb, indicating that customers tend to tolerate time and performance risks when having a high level of fear of COVID-19 and prefer to use Airbnb regardless of them. This shift in customer behavior towards customers’ intention to use Airbnb in light of the fear of COVID-19 gives Airbnb an edge that should be exploited via remedying other risks. It was suggested that the Airbnb hosts’ awareness of the importance of Airbnb in the context of tourism in Egypt should be enhanced. Additionally, a legislative framework should govern Airbnb transactions to secure tourists in dealing with Airbnb hosts. Professionalism in providing Airbnb services should also be adopted. Future studies in the context of the current subject could conduct multi-group analyses according to different types of Airbnb accommodation and use a larger sample size.

Organizational citizenship behaviors help to make effective communication within the organizations, save organizational resources, and eliminate the need for more formal and costly control methods. Also, organizational citizenship behaviors benefit both the organization and the employees as well, by reducing the rate of turnover of employees, and raising the quality and efficiency of services. Therefore, the research aims to identify the extent to which some four-and five-star hotels in Jordan are applying the dimensions of organizational citizenship behaviors. The research found that there is no difference among the employees about the importance of organizational citizenship behaviors regarding (departments, age group, educational level, number of years of experience), and the research recommends hotels to provide the requirements and steps necessary to apply organizational citizenship behaviors, provide sufficient information about it in hotels and take into account the different capacities of employees.

This research aims at investigating the effect of Spiritual Leadership on enhancing organizational citizenship behavior at Aqaba hotels in Jordan. Questionnaires were distributed among the employees of four and five-star hotels at Aqaba. The collected data were statistically processed and analyzed by SPSS. The results showed that there was a positive relationship between spiritual leadership and organizational citizenship behavior. The research recommends that hotels in Jordan need to adopt the concept of spiritual leadership with its various dimensions in order to develop organizational citizenship behavior among the employees effectively.

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‫الفندقية‬ ‫اسات‬ ‫الدر‬ ‫قسم‬ -‫الفنادق‬ ‫و‬ ‫السياحة‬ ‫كلية‬ -‫السويس‬ ‫قناة‬ ‫جامعة‬ ‫ملخص:‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫اسة‬ ‫الدر‬ ‫تهدف‬ ‫العاملين.‬ ‫دافعية‬ ‫وتحقيق‬ ‫الوظائف،‬ ‫نمطية‬ ‫على‬ ‫التغلب‬ ‫على‬ ‫المساعدة‬ ‫فى‬ ‫الوظائف‬ ‫تصميم‬ ‫ة‬ ‫لقدر‬ ً ‫ا‬ ‫نظر‬ ‫الوظيفية‬ ‫الخصائص‬ ‫نموذج‬ ‫تطوير‬ Job Characteristics Model ‫ات‬ ‫خيار‬ ‫مجموعة‬ ‫تتضمن‬ ‫الوظيفى‬ ‫للتصميم‬ ‫(أداة‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ات،‬ ‫المهار‬ ‫كتنوع‬ ‫الوظائف‬ ‫تصميم‬ ‫االستقاللية‬ ‫وذلك‬ ‫العاملين)،‬ ‫دافعية‬ ‫فى‬ ً ‫إيجابا‬ ‫التأثير‬ ‫عبرهم‬ ‫يمكن‬ ‫الذين‬ ‫العكسية‬ ‫التغذية‬ ‫و‬ ‫باختبار‬ ‫المؤسسة‬ ‫و‬ ‫العاملين‬ ‫بين‬ ‫القيمى‬ ‫افق‬ ‫التو‬ ‫تأثير‬ Person-Organization Fit ‫عالقة‬ ‫فى‬ ‫التصميم‬ ‫الوظيفى‬ ‫ب‬ ‫الدافعية‬ ‫فى‬ ‫عدد‬ ‫يع‬ ‫توز‬ ‫تم‬ ‫النموذج.‬ 500 ‫ة‬ ‫استمار‬ ‫على‬ ‫العاملين‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ب‬ ‫نجوم‬ ‫الخمس‬ ‫فنادق‬ ‫مدينة‬ ‫فروعهم‬ ‫وبعض‬ ‫الشيخ‬ ‫شرم‬ ‫بالغردقة‬ ‫ا‬ ‫بلغو‬ ً ‫إجماال‬ 25 ً ‫فندقا‬ ‫منها‬ ‫استرد‬ ، 313 ‫اإلحصائى.‬ ‫للتحليل‬ ‫صالحة‬ ‫اشتملت‬ ‫اال‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ستمار‬ ‫ثالثة‬ ‫اء‬ ‫أجز‬ ‫على‬ ‫؛‬ ‫األول‬ ‫ة‬ ‫القدر‬ ‫لقياس‬ ‫للوظائف،‬ ‫ية‬ ‫التحفيز‬ ‫الثانى‬ ‫دافعية‬ ‫لقياس‬ ‫العاملين‬ ‫و‬ ‫الثالث‬ ‫ال‬ ‫بين‬ ‫القيمى‬ ‫افق‬ ‫التو‬ ‫لتقدير‬ ‫ت‬ ‫المؤسسة.‬ ‫و‬ ‫عاملين‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫اسة‬ ‫الدر‬ ‫وصلت‬ ‫ا‬ ‫نة‬ ‫مقار‬ ‫للسالسل‬ ‫التابعة‬ ‫للفنادق‬ ‫نسبى‬ ‫تفوق‬ ‫هناك‬ ‫كان‬ ‫إن‬ ‫و‬ ‫العينة‬ ‫فنادق‬ ‫معظم‬ ‫لدى‬ ‫للوظائف‬ ‫ية‬ ‫التحفيز‬ ‫ة‬ ‫القدر‬ ‫نخفاض‬ ‫كما‬ ‫بالمستقلة،‬ ‫ا‬ ‫تضح‬ ‫تدخل‬ ‫القيمى‬ ‫افق‬ ‫التو‬ ‫ب‬ ‫الوظيفى‬ ‫التصميم‬ ‫عالقة‬ ‫فى‬ ‫الدافعية‬ ‫فالعام‬ ‫؛‬ ‫لون‬ ‫يمتازو‬ ‫الذين‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ا‬ ‫درجة‬ ‫تفاع‬ ‫ر‬ ‫بين‬ ‫افق‬ ‫التو‬ ‫قيمهم‬ ‫التنظيمية‬ ‫القيم‬ ‫و‬ ‫الفردية‬ ‫يؤدى‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫إلى‬ ‫الوظيفى‬ ‫التصميم‬ ‫ستخدام‬ ‫معنوى،‬ ‫بشكل‬ ‫دافعيتهم‬ ‫تفاع‬ ‫ر‬ ‫بين‬ ‫يتحقق‬ ‫ال‬ ‫ما‬ ‫أكثر‬ ‫طرق‬ ‫إعمال‬ ‫خالل‬ ‫من‬ ‫العاملين‬ ‫لدى‬ ‫القيمى‬ ‫افق‬ ‫التو‬ ‫درجة‬ ‫فع‬ ‫ر‬ ‫على‬ ‫العمل‬ ‫يجب‬ ‫وبالتالى‬ ‫القيمى،‬ ‫افق‬ ‫للتو‬ ‫يفتقد‬ ‫من‬ ‫مع‬ ‫ذلك‬ ‫فعالية‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ال‬ ‫ختيار‬ ‫التهي‬ ‫بأنشطة‬ ‫القيام‬ ‫وكذا‬ ‫المؤسسية‬ ‫ئة‬ Socialization ً ‫ال‬ ‫أو‬ ‫إلمكانية‬ ‫االستفادة‬ ‫كوسيلة‬ ‫الوظيفى‬ ‫التصميم‬ ‫من‬ ‫الدافعية.‬ ‫لتحقيق‬ ‫المفتاحية:‬ ‫الكلمات‬ ‫القيمى‬ ‫افق‬ ‫التو‬ ‫الوظيفية،‬ ‫الخصائص‬ ‫نموذج‬ ‫الوظيفى،‬ ‫التصميم‬ ‫الدافعية‬ ، . --------------------------------------------------------------------- ‫مقدمة‬: ‫أمر‬ ‫العاملين‬ ‫دافعية‬ ‫تحقيق‬ ‫يعد‬ ً ‫يا‬ ‫ضرور‬ ً ‫ا‬ ‫من‬ ‫لها‬ ‫لما‬ ‫المؤسسى،‬ ‫العمل‬ ‫إلنجاح‬ ‫ا‬ ‫بحية‬ ‫ر‬ ‫ثم‬ ‫ومن‬ ‫العاملين‬ ‫أداء‬ ‫على‬ ‫إيجابى‬ ‫نعكاس‬ ‫على‬ ‫للفرد‬ ‫المسندة‬ ‫المهام‬ ‫ة‬ ‫قدر‬ ‫فى‬ ً ‫متمثال‬ ‫الوظيفى‬ ‫التصميم‬ ‫ضمنها‬ ‫من‬ ‫عدة‬ ‫امل‬ ‫عو‬ ‫على‬ ‫الدافعية‬ ‫تحقيق‬ ‫ويعتمد‬ ‫المؤسسة.‬ ‫ار.‬ ‫التكر‬ ‫و‬ ‫النمطية‬ ‫تفادى‬ ‫و‬ ‫ليضع‬ ‫الوظيفية‬ ‫الخصائص‬ ‫نموذج‬ ‫نشأ‬ ‫فقد‬ ‫الدافعية،‬ ‫تحقيق‬ ‫سبل‬ ‫كأحد‬ ‫الوظيفى‬ ‫للتصميم‬ ‫بالنظر‬ ‫المها‬ ‫كتنوع‬ ‫لذلك‬ ‫سبل‬ ‫مجموعة‬ ‫بتحديد‬ ‫الوظيفى‬ ‫التصميم‬ ‫عبر‬ ‫الدافعية‬ ‫لتحقيق‬ ً ‫ا‬ ‫إطار‬ ‫ات‬ ‫ر‬ ، ‫االستقاللية‬ ‫العكسية.‬ ‫التغذية‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫ا‬ ‫يزدا‬ ‫التى‬ ‫المحسنات،‬ ‫من‬ ‫مجموعة‬ ‫رصد‬ ‫تم‬ ‫فقد‬ ‫للنموذج،‬ ً ‫ستكماال‬ ‫د‬ ‫ظل‬ ‫فى‬ ‫ها‬ ‫افر‬ ‫كتو‬ ‫الدافعية،‬ ‫فى‬ ‫الوظيفى‬ ‫التصميم‬ ‫أثر‬ ‫االستعداد‬ ‫باألمان.‬ ‫الشعور‬ ‫و‬ ‫كاألجور‬ ‫األخرى‬ ‫الوظيفية‬ ‫انب...