-(Bryoflora (Bryophyta and Marchantiophyta) of Combu Island, Belém, Pará State, Brazil). There are a few studies on bryophytes from Brazilian Islands. Most of these studies are concentrated in the States of São Paulo and Pará. From the latter state, the Islands of Marajó, Germoplasma (in the Tucuruí dam reservoir), Algodoal-Maiandeua, and Trambioca were previously. However, considering the insular region of Belém municipality by itself, there are 39 Islands, including Combu Island, which is under environmental protection. It is formed essentially by várzea forest, one of the main types of floodplain Amazonian forests. The aim of this study was to investigate the bryoflora of Combu Island, Belém, Pará State, through species richness and record numbers of mosses and liverworts, by supplying data about the ecology and geographic distribution of the species in Brazil, besides the morphological and taxonomical comments, when necessary. The collections were carried out in 17 plots of 10 × 10 m, being nine in high várzea and eight in low várzea. In total, 72 species were identified (27 mosses and 45 liverworts). Lejeuneaceae was the most representative family with 41 species. Higher species richness and record number ware observed in high várzea.
O carrapato Amblyomma cajennense é responsável por grandes perdas econômicas na pecuária bovina, principalmente nas raças de origem européia, predominantes no Sul do Brasil. Seu controle nas regiões tropicais representa um desafio devido à rápida proliferação e a resistência dos parasitas aos produtos convencionais, estimulando a busca por alternativas menos tóxicas de controle. Esse estudo teve como objetivo verificar a utilização de extratos de plantas como alternativas para carrapaticidas sintéticos. A metodologia utilizada foi realização de destilação simples dos materiais vegetais. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições, sendo os tratamentos constituídos pelos grupos controle negativo, água destilada e positivo, além da solução de extratos de A. occidentale, P. aduncum e M. citrifolia. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey ao nível de 5% de probabilidade do erro. Cada unidade experimental foi constituída de cinco indivíduos de A. cajennense. Para avaliar o efeito dos extratos brutos dos vegetais, foram utilizados todos os indivíduos vivos de A. cajennense coletados e classificados taxonomicamente. Os resultados encontrados mostraram que, os tratamentos mais eficientes foram: Anacardium occidentale L. e Piper aduncum L. que apresentaram eficiência de 80% e 90%, respectivamente. Porém, a eficiência mais baixa foi do Morinda citrifolia L. (20%). Os testes indicaram que Piper aduncum e Anacardium occidentale L. podem, portanto, reduzir a quantidade de carrapatos em um sistema de produção orgânica.
This article is a literature review aimed at answering the following question: Over the past 30 years, research on bryophytes in northern states has intensified, allowing the identification and conservation of the biological diversity of bryophytes in this region. region? For data collection, we used the databases SCIELO, Google Scholar and sucupira platform. The inclusion criteria were defined as articles published between 1988 and 2018, and the exclusion criteria were articles from those 30 years old that were not located. States outside the northern region were excluded. Over the last 30 years, there were 186 scientific works, of which 58 articles were analyzed. Advances in Bryophyta research in the northern region are linked only to Brioflora's urban centers and surveys, so knowledge of the entire region is required for use in different areas of science.
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