Abstract:Buildings are responsible for 40% of the primary energy consumption in the world. Recent studies have revealed that the energy efficiency and environmental impact of buildings are two very important criteria to consider during the process of building design for the future of our world. By considering the initial investment cost and its importance for investors, a problem with three objective functions has emerged with 16 building energy systems and 24 construction material alternatives. The aim of this work is to develop a methodology and software to solve multiobjective building optimization problems. Thus, two different software tools have been developed using MATLAB. The first tool, the Building Energy Consumption Calculation Program, is used to calculate the building's annual energy consumption according to the Turkish standard for thermal insulation requirements for buildings, initial investment costs, and CO 2 emissions. The second tool, the Building Energy Optimization Program, is a multiobjective optimization program that uses the NSGA-II genetic algorithm to minimize objectives. With the help of the programs in question, multiobjective optimization of a sample building has been conducted. The results demonstrate that the developed model and software tools are generic, feasible solutions that can be implemented in a reasonable timeframe; thus, they can be adapted to a large range of building optimization problems and will be useful for decision makers.

ÖZBinalar dünyada ve Ülkemizde tüketilen enerjinin yaklaşık %40'ından sorumludur. Enerjisinin büyük kısmını ithal eden bir ülke olarak binaların enerji tüketimi ve çevresel etkilerinin azaltılmasının çok önemli iki hedef olduğu açıktır. Bunlara ek olarak serbest piyasada büyük önem arz eden ilk yatırım maliyetinin göz önüne alınmasıyla, üç amaçlı ve standart bir binada kullanılan sistemleri kapsayan çok amaçlı bir bina optimizasyon problemi ortaya çıkmıştır. Çözümü oldukça zor olan söz konusu problem için, inşaat sürecinin başında, karar verici için yol gösterici olacak bir model ve iki yazılım geliştirilmiştir. Bina Enerji Tüketimi Hesaplama Programı (BETH) kullanıcı tarafından tanımlanan parametre ve değişkenlere göre binanın yıllık enerji tüketimi, ilk yatırım maliyeti ve yıllık CO 2 emisyonu değerini hesaplamaktadır. Bina Enerji Optimizasyon Programı (BEOP) ise çok amaçlı optimizasyon problemlerinin çözümünde kullanılan genetik algoritma temelli bir yazılımdır. Geliştirilen model ve yazılımlar örnek bir bina için uygulanmıştır. Sonuçlar model ve yazılımların kapsamlı ve değişik bina optimizasyon problemi için uygulanabilir olduğunu göstermiştir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Enerji Verimliliği, Bina Enerji Optimizasyon Problemi, Çok Amaçlı Optimizasyon, Genetik Algoritma, Ankara DEVELOPING A MODEL AND SOFTWARE FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY OPTIMIZATION IN BUILDING DESIGN PROCESS: CASE STUDY IN ANKARA ABSTRACTBuildings are responsible for about 40% of the primary energy consumption in the World and in our country. As an energy importing country energy efficiency and environmental impact of buildings are two very important criteria for our country. By considering the initial investment cost with its importance for investors, a problem with three objective functions has emerged. The aim of this work is to develop a methodology and software to solve multi-objective building optimization problems. Thus two different software tools have been developed. First one Building Energy Consumption Calculation Program (BECCP) is used to calculate buildings annual energy consumption, initial cost and annual CO 2 emissions. Second one Building Energy Optimization Program (BEOP) is a multi-objective optimization program which uses genetic algorithm for minimization of objectives. In this study multi-objective optimization of a sample building has been conducted. The results demonstrate that developed model and software tools are generic and time efficient.