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The parameters of a non-pulsed dc arc discharge of atmospheric pressure in argon were experimentally studied, and the chemical composition of the cathode surface in the arc binding zone was studied. The measurements were performed for thoriated tungsten cathodes (W-2% ThO2) for currents of 200 and 300 A. During the operation of the plasma torch, the temperature and electron concentration in the positive column and the surface temperature of the cathode were measured. A computational and theoretical analysis was performed on the distribution of current density and electric field strength in the arc binding zone. As a result, three fundamentally different zones of the arc binding area were identified, and their size and chemical composition were determined.

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Buildings and structures in Central Asiatic republics are erected under complex geologic-engineering conditions dictated by a broad expanse of loess soils of appreciable thickness, which are prone to slumptype settlement, and also under conditions of heavy seismic activity. In certain regions, loess rocks form a relief with surface slopes to 15-20 o and more, which is characterized by slide phenomena. The combinationExperience gained with site wetting of loess soils in a micro-district of Dushanbe to create stable beds for the construction of buildings is discussed. Recommendations for development of the region, which include requirements for surveys, grading of land areas, selection of the type of foundations and methods employed to analyze slope stability, and so forth are developed.