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—We performed geological, geochronological, geochemical, and isotope-geochemical studies of igneous rocks of the Ust’-Ignok gabbrodiorite massif in the Urik–Iya graben of the Siberian craton and summarized the obtained and published data on early Proterozoic mafic igneous rocks in the South Siberian postcollisional magmatic belt. It has been established that the Ust’-Ignok massif is composed of rocks of the continuous series from biotite gabbro via gabbrodiorites and diorites to quartz diorites. U–Pb zircon dating of quartz diorites of the Ust’-Ignok massif yielded an age of 1836 ± 10 Ma, i.e., the massif rocks might have originated at the final stage of the formation of the South Siberian postcollisional magmatic belt. The rocks of the Ust’-Ignok massif are of normal and medium alkalinity. All igneous rocks from gabbro to quartz diorites show distinct negative anomalies of Nb–Ta and Ti in their multielement patterns, and their εNd(T) values vary from +0.3 to –0.9. The geochemical indicator ratios in the gabbroids point to insignificant contamination of their source with continental-crust material and to their formation through the melting of an enriched lithospheric-mantle source. Gabbrodiorites–quartz diorites of the Ust’-Ignok massif resulted, most likely, from the fractional crystallization of gabbroids. Analysis of the geochemical and isotope characteristics of mafic igneous rocks of the South Siberian postcollisional magmatic belt shows that most of them resulted from the melting of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle with suprasubductional geochemical features. This mantle might have formed during subduction processes preceding the formation of the Siberian craton.