Summary. Anatomical examination of the distal end on the human humerus, brings a new perspective on its morphology and proves the asymmetry of the two pillars. The lower extremity of the humerus is considered as a structure with two diverging columns which extend the diaphysis and flank the trochlear mass articulated with the ulna. Examination of two series of dry humeri, one of 100 and the other of 20, permits a biometrical study of the pillars. The posterior width of the columns, their antero-posterior dimensions, the angle that they form with the posterior longitudinal axis of the diaphysis, are measured on dry bones, using radiographs and by posterior tracings. The series of twenty dry humeri were then sectioned in several directions. Lastly a series of cuts of frozen elbows were made. These three methods show that the two pillars are different in form. The lateral column is thick, quadrangular, convex at the back, wide and almost vertical; in front it bears the condyle, while a lateral facet appears on its distal part; it is a column articulated with the radius and which extends down to the thumb column. The medial column is fusiform, narrow, oval in every section, concave at the back and almost horizontal; it is a muscle bearing column. The asymmetry of the pillars interests the orthopaedic surgeon in respect of bone formation after fractures and the anthropologist for comparison with the distal humerus of the hominidae and the other primates.L'extr~mit6 inf~rieure de l'hum~rus: une structure ~ deux piliers R~sum~. L'examen anatomique de l'extrrmit6 infrrieure de l'humrrus humain apporte une nouvelle perspective sur son aspect morphologique et prouve l'asymrtrie des deux piliers. L'extrrmit6 inf+rieure de l'humrrus est en effet envisagre comme une structure composre de deux colonnes divergentes qui prolongent la diaphyse et flanquent la masse trochlraire, articulre avec le cubitus. Deux srries d'humrrus sec, l'une de 100 et l'autre de 20, permettent une 6tude biom&rique des piliers. La largeur postSrieure des colonnes, leurs dimensions antrro-postrrieures, l'angle qu'elles forment avec l'axe longitudinal postrrieur de la diaphyse sont mesurrs sur des os secs, sur des radiographies et sur des calques postrrieurs. La srrie de vingt humerus secs est fi nouveau utilis~e pour des sections srrires dans plusieurs plans, et pour des perforations des fosses. Enfin, des coupes srrires sur coudes congelrs sont pratiqures. Ces trois mrthodes montrent que les deux piliers sont totalement diffrrents. La colonne latrrale, ou pilier externe, est 6paisse, quadrangulaire, convexe en arriSre, large, presque verticale; en avant, elle porte le condyle, tandis qu'une facette latrrale appara]t sur son extrrmit6 distale; c'est une colonne articulre avec le radius et qui s'rtend jusqu'/t la colonne du pouce. La colonne mrdiale, ou pilier interne, est fusiforme, 6troite, ovale sur toute les sections; c'est une colonne porte-muscle flanquant la trochl~e, deux rrles que remplit 6galement le pilier externe. L'asymrtrie des piliers intS...
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