Background and Study Aim. In-depth analysis of electrical activity of certain muscles in athletes contributes to improvement in the technique of physical actions. Hamstring muscles are an important factor for making physical actions by experienced football players. The purpose of the study consisted in substantiation for factors of optimization of physical capacity to work in experienced football players. Materials and methods. The study involved 20 experienced football players (n=20, aged 18-33, the period of going in for football > 10 years). We used equipment of M-TEST computer electromyography device manufactured by research and development enterprise DX-Systems (Kharkiv, Ukraine). The maximum bioelectrical activity (MBA) of m. biceps femoris, m. semitendinosus and m. semimembranosus, which are hamstring muscles (HM), depending upon the angle of applied effort. The study was conducted with positions of the lower leg at angles of 180°, 165°, 145° and 125°. We used two-way analysis of variance and regression analysis. The fact that the distribution was normal was checked by Shapiro-Wilk W test. Results. Conditions for manifestation of the maximally effective realization of contractile abilities of HM were determined. Positions of the body and lower extremities for the largest overlaying of myofilaments in sarcomeres of HM were determined. Conditions of using external movement-disorganizing influence for HM were revealed. Models for special activity of experienced football players were systematized. Conclusions. HM will manifest their MBA in case of the coaxial position of the trunk and lower extremities. The angle of the lower leg position, equal to 180°, is the optimum one for the maximum overlaying of sarcomeres in the above muscles. Exercises with a component, which destabilizes the body position, are the most effective ones for realizing contractile abilities of HM.

According to the results of the analysis of scientific and methodical, special and reference literature, it is established, that an insufficient number of scientific works is devoted to the urgent issue of developing modern pedagogical conditions for the formation of the readiness of future officers of the National Guard of Ukraine to perform assigned tasks in simulated extreme conditions of service and combat activity. This emphasizes the relevance and practical component of the chosen direction of scientific research. The main goal of the study is the approval of the organizational and pedagogical conditions for the formation of the readiness of future officers of the National Guard of Ukraine to perform assigned tasks in the anaerobic mode of motor activity (extreme conditions of service and combat activity. Research methods: axiomatic, idealization, historical and logical, descent from the concrete, mathematical and statistical formalization (criterion χ2), etc. As a result of the empirical study, the members of the research group developed and tested the organizational and pedagogical conditions for the formation of the readiness of future officers of the National Guard of Ukraine to perform assigned tasks in the anaerobic mode of motor activity (simulated extreme conditions of extreme conditions of service and combat activity).

Purpose: to reveal the autonomic regulation peculiarities of the functional state based on indicators of the nervous and cardiovascular systems work of future fine arts and music teachers for the development of recommendations for the use of physical exercises. Material and methods 812 students of pedagogical institutions of higher education of Ukraine took part in the study. During psychophysiological testing, the following indicators were determined for each test: reaction time, number of errors. The shorter the reaction time, the higher the mobility of nervous processes. The lower the number of errors in the reaction test of choosing two elements out of three, the higher the stability of nervous processes. Orthostatic reactions were determined by the results of heart rate in the lying position and in the standing position. Parametric processing methods (Student's method for comparing average values) and hierarchical cluster analysis were used. Results Two groups of students - future teachers were identified: with a predominance of the sympathetic department of the autonomic nervous system and with a predominance of the parasympathetic department of the autonomic nervous system. The largest number of students with predominance of the parasympathetic department of the autonomic nervous system was found among students – future teachers of creative specialties (faculty of arts). Students of the Faculty of Arts have significantly longer latency time of visual-motor reaction compared to representatives of other faculties. This indicates a lower mobility of nervous processes of students of the Faculty of Arts in comparison with students of other faculties. Along with this, future art teachers have significantly fewer errors in the test for choosing 2 elements out of 3. This indicates greater stability of nervous processes in future teachers – representatives of art compared to other future teachers. Conclusions Students – future teachers of creative specialties (faculty of arts) have the more stability and less mobility nervous system in combination with the autonomic nervous system parasympathetic department predominance. That is why endurance exercises that do not require frequent switching of attention are suitable for them. Such exercises include walking, slow running, swimming et. all. Exercises should be performed for at least one hour. They will also be suitable for exercises with the activation of visual perception.

We considered the structure of the movement of the segments of the kinematic links of the belt of the lower limbs. Medical and biological studies were conducted in the exercises "flexion, abduction, adduction, extension of the hip while standing." The optimal positions for the manifestations of the muscles of the front, medial, and back groups of the thigh are determined; external muscles of the pelvic girdle of maximum contractile capabilities. This position is the coaxial straight position of the supporting limb and trunk. We determined the initial conditions and determined the basic conditions for the use of complexes of special preventive exercises using special equipment with an unstable surface. An additional, destabilizing position of the body, an external factor - the tension of the rubber cable - was also involved. The specified conditions for the use of exercises were strictly regulated and systematized into complexes, methodically described and differentiated depending on the change in the position and direction of movement of the limb. The exercises considered in this paper can be used as preventive measures for the muscles of the musculoskeletal system and joints. It will also be effective to use the proposed movement elements in the structure of rehabilitation measures for injuries or diseases of the muscles of the lower limbs and back.

Аннотация. Статья посвящена проблеме совершенствования физической подготовки квалифицированных футболистов. Нами определен оптимальный угол положения ноги в упражнении «отведение ноги стоя» для проявления максимальной биоэлектрической активности мышцы-напрягателя широкой фасции. Результаты анализа сегментов электромиографии позволили сделать выводы, что угол 40 град. отведения бедра имеет наименьшие проявления биоэлектрической активности выполняющего противодействие m.tensor fasciae latae. Данные также свидетельствуют, что в положении стоя вертикальное положение ноги является положением наибольшего перекрытия актиномиозиновых филаментов в саркомере данной мышцы. Ключевые слова: электромиография, угол приложенного усилия, отведение бедра стоя, футбол, мышца-напрягатель широкой фасции.Abstract. The article is devoted to the improvement of the physical training of skilled players. We have investigated and determined the optimal angle of the legs in the exercise «standing leg abduction» for the manifestation of a maximum of bioelectrical activity of m. tensor fasciae latae. The results of the analysis of EMG segments led to conclusion that the angle of 40 degrees hip position has the smallest manifestations of bioelectric activity of performing resistance of m. tensor fasciae latae. Our data also show that in the standing position the vertical position of leg is position of the greatest overlap actin-myosin filaments in the sarcomere of this muscle.