In this paper, we report the structural, microstructural, and magnetic properties of nanosized (particle size ranging from 20 to 30 nm) Ni0.35Zn0.65Fe2O4 (MA4) system synthesized via mechanochemical route followed by annealing. The Rietveld refinement is used for the first time to precisely resolve the crystal structure of a ferrite system at nanoscale. MA4 is a cubic spinel of Fd3¯m symmetry. According to XRD and HRTEM studies, it is a well crystalline sample which possesses large microstrain. In spite of its nanometric size, MA4 has displayed some notably distinct magnetic properties like, enhancement of magnetization (64 emu g−1 at 15 K), magnetic order, magnetic ordering temperature, coercivity (1000 Oe at 15 K), magnetic anisotropy energy, and reduction of superparamagnetic relaxation compared with its counterparts synthesized by chemical route. It exhibits clear hysteresis loop (HC = 50 Oe) at 300 K and ferrimagnetic ordering below the blocking temperature (∼250 K). These improvements in magnetic properties of the system are likely to be very helpful for its technological applications. Again, particles in the sample possess a ferrimagnetically aligned core (with small canting) surrounded by a magnetically disordered shell with canted spin structure. The magnetically disordered surface region of MA4 has an equilibrium cation distribution, whereas the ferrimagnetic core region possesses a nonequilibrium cation distribution. Moreover, the infield Mössbauer spectroscopic study reveals that the nearest neighbor ion configuration about [B] site Fe3+ ions is not identical. Thus, there is local chemical inhomogeneity in the sample. The cation redistribution, chemical inhomogeneity, lattice strain are identified as the causes for magnetic enhancement in MA4.

NMP has emerged as a significant cause of concern among both the groups. Standardized measures for identification and appropriate psychobehavioral therapy for those seeking help might alleviate the problem.

Abstract.Relaxed state of a slightly resistive and turbulent magnetized plasma is obtained by invoking the Principle of Minimum Dissipation which leads toA solution of the above equation is accomplished using the analytic continuation of the Chandrasekhar-Kendall eigenfunctions in the complex domain. The new features of this theory is to show (i) a single fluid can relax to an MHD equilibrium which can support pressure gradient even without a longterm coupling between mechanical flow and magnetic field (ii) field reversal (RFP) in states that are not force-free.

Objectives:Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) adversely impacts food security in households of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Little research has focused on food insecurity among PLWHA in India. The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence of and factors relating to food security in households of PLWHA in the Siliguri subdivision of Darjeeling, West Bengal, India.Methods:A cross-sectional community-based study was carried out among 173 PLWHA residing in Siliguri and registered at the Anti-retroviral Therapy Centre of North Bengal Medical College & Hospital. Data was collected at the household level with interviews of PLWHA using a food security survey instrument. We analyzed the associations using logistic regression.Results:The prevalence of household food security among the participants was 50.9% (88/173). Five years or more of schooling, higher socioeconomic class and males were found to be significantly associated with a higher likelihood of food security. A later stage of the disease and the presence of other family members with HIV/AIDS were significantly associated with a lower likelihood of food security. The major coping strategies to deal with food insecurity in the acute phase HIV infection included borrowing money (56.1%), followed by spousal support, loans from microfinance institutions, banks, or money lenders, borrowing food, or selling agricultural products.Conclusions:The present study revealed that only about half of households with PLWHA were food secure. Prior interventions relating to periods of food and economic crisis as well as strategies for sustaining food security and economic status are needed in this area.

The principle of minimum dissipation of energy is utilized to obtain the spheromak configuration as a relaxed state. The Euler-Lagrange equation for the minimum dissipative relaxed state is solved in terms of Chandrasekhar-Kendall eigenfunctions analytically generalized in the complex domain. This state is non-force-free and further shows the nonconstancy of the ratio of parallel current to the magnetic field.